1、 摘要摘要 本文主要研究轻型汽车前独立悬架的设计分析方法以及轮胎磨损与悬架运动、 前轮定位 参数的关系。 首先对双横臂独立悬架的各主要组成部件如减振器的选型设计、 横向稳定杆的设计校核、 扭 杆弹簧设计以及对双横臂式和麦弗逊式独立悬架的运动进行了分析， 提出了相应的计算方法， 编制了一套具有一定实用价值的前独立悬架设计分析软件。 并且采用前轮定位仪， 进行了实 验验证。 论文对双横臂独立悬架参数提出以减小轮胎磨损为优化目标， 进行了优化设计。 提出了 通过优选、调整悬架初始位置状态，以及优化确定转向横拉杆断开点位置的方法，来减小轮 胎磨损。 同时采用正交实验的方法分析了双横臂独立悬架各结构参数
2、和安装参数对悬架性能 和轮胎磨损的影响，确定出最大的影响因素及次要因素。 然后从轮胎模型入手分析前轮定位参数同轮胎磨损的关系。以轮胎磨损能量作为评价 指标，选取刷子轮胎模型，对轮胎在稳态纵滑状态下、稳态纵滑侧偏状态下和边界条件下的 轮胎磨损进行了分析研究，确定了量化模型。并以轮胎侧偏角为中间变量，建立了前轮定位 参数同轮胎磨损之间关系的数学模型， 进行了计算机仿真计算。 从而可对悬架进行进一步的 优化设计，以减小对轮胎磨损的影响，提高车辆的行驶性能和使用经济性。 关键词关键词：汽车；独立悬架；轮胎磨损；定位参数 悬架系统原理悬架系统原理 Kaoru Aoki, Shigetaka Kuroda
3、, Shigemasa Kajiwara, Hiromitsu Sato and Yoshio Yamamoto Honda R for example, 100 pounds per inch. So, say a load of 200 pounds is applied, the spring will deflect 2 inches. Spring rate comes from various factors. For a coil spring, this includes the number of active coils, the diameter of the coils
4、, and the diameter of the spring wire. The fewer coils a spring has, the higher the spring rate it will have. The design of a spring affects how well the vehicle will ride and handle. A spring that absorbs lots of energy will generally offer a comfortable ride. After all, it can absorb most of the r
5、oad shock (energy) that is being generated by the road surface. But there are always engineering trade-offs. This kind of spring generally requires a higher vehicle ride height, which will cause the vehicle to feel unstable during cornering. This instability is because the more distance a spring com
6、presses or extends, the more the vehicle “rolls“ around on its suspension. This rolling is called weight transfer, and it is caused by centrifugal force acting on the weight of the vehicle as it goes around a corner. Weight transfer can overload a tires grip, which ultimately hurts traction, and therefore handling1. Shock Absorbers The other main part of a cars suspension is the shock absorber. Contrary to its name, a shock absorber plays a minimal role in absorbing imp
