1、 I 摘摘 要要 挖掘机行业是工程机械行业的排头兵，大型矿用挖掘机可以实现完全机 械化,具有机械化自动化程度高、斗容量大、环保性能好、挖掘效率高、进 度快、机动性能好等优点，故在在冶金、能源、矿山等方面有广泛的应用。 由于常常在野外和露天作业，工作环境十分恶劣，要求挖掘机的各个装置既 要结构合理,性能安全可靠又要尽可能降低成本。 总体设计是挖掘机设计中极其重要的环节， 挖掘机的总体设计就是根据 设计说明书中所要求的规格及使用条件，合理的选择机型、性能参数、整机 尺寸及各主要部件的结构形式并进行合理布置。本文通过对挖掘机总体布 置，机器外型尺寸的确定，动臂铰点位置的确定，合理接地比压的确定，提
2、升、推压、回转、行走电动机功率的确定，最小转弯半径的确定，铲斗容量 的计算、生产率的计算、平衡及配重的计算、工作装置的受力分析等实现其 对挖掘机的总体设计。 本文还介绍了挖掘机国内外发展的现状及趋势、挖掘机的结构组成及工 作过程，动臂结构原理及其功能。使用 AutoCAD2006 软件绘制挖掘机总体 布置图、动臂焊接结构图及铲斗、斗杆等零件图。通过 CATIA 建立动臂三 维模型导入 PRO/E 中进行有限元强度分析，校核动臂设计效果。 关键词：矿用挖掘机 总体设计 工作装置设计 有限元分析 II Abstract Excavator industry is the vanguard of t
3、he construction machinery industry, large-scale mining excavator can achieve full mechanization, with a high degree of mechanization and automation, fighting capacity, performance and environmental protection, high efficiency, faster progress, good mobility and many other advantages, so it is widely
4、 used in broad places like Metallurgy, energy, mining and other aspects of industry. As it is often work in wild and open-air, the negative working environment require various devices excavator with a rational structure, performance, safety and reliability as well as reduce costs as much as possible
5、. Collectivity Design Of 8m Mining Excavator is the important part of the overall design process.Excavator design is according the design specification of the specifications and conditions which required of Design Manual to choice a reasonable models,general layout excavators, machine determine the
6、size of appearance, Boom hinge location identification, reasonable ground pressure than the identification, upgrade, pushing pressure, rotation, the determination of operating motor power, the determination of the minimum turning radius, shovel fighting capacity, productivity, weight and balance calculations and work force analysis, thus to finish the overall design of 8 Cubic meters excavator. This paper describes the domestic and foreign development of excavators status and trends, as we
