1、 I 摘 要 四轮转向是指汽车的后轮也和前轮一样具有一定的转向功能，不仅可以与前轮同方 向转向，也可以与前轮反方向转向。四轮转向汽车的环保性和节能性与现代汽车的设计 理念相吻合，它适应汽车未来发展的趋势，存在广阔的发展前景。本文对液压式四轮转 向系统进行了研究，主要工作如下： 对课题进行了文献检索，查看了相关资料；对国内外四轮转向汽车的研究现状进行 了详细的介绍，明确了设计的基本内容及需解决的主要问题；对四轮转向系统进行了分 析，包括受力分析和运动学分析；设计了三种四轮转向汽车的转向液压系统方案，经过 对比分析，选定其中一种作为最终的液压式四轮转向系统方案；确定该方案中液压系统 的参数；对该方
2、案中液压系统的液压缸进行设计和计算；对该方案中液压系统的液压元 件进行选取。 关键词：四轮转向；系统分析；液压系统；液压缸；液压元件 II ABSTRACT Four-wheel steering refers to the rear car and has some of the same front steering function, can not only with front wheel steering, also can in opposite direction with front wheel steering. Four-wheel steering the enviro
3、nment protection and energy conservation car with modern car design idea coincide, it to adapt to automobile future development trends, existing broad development prospects. Based on the hydraulic four-wheel steering system and main work is as follows: On issues of literature retrieval, examined the
4、 related material; To domestic and international research status of four-wheel steering cars were introduced in detail, has been clear about the design of the basic content and the main problems need to be solved; For four-wheel steering system is analyzed, including stress analysis and kinematics a
5、nalysis; Design three four-wheel steering automobile steering hydraulic system scheme, through comparative analysis, select one as the final the hydraulic four-wheel steering system solution; To determine this scheme hydraulic system parameters; For this scheme of the hydraulic cylinder hydraulic sy
6、stem design and calculation; For this scheme of the hydraulic system for selecting hydraulic element. Key words: Four-wheel steering; System analysis; Hydraulic system; The hydraulic cylinder; Hydraulic components 目 录 摘要 I ABSTRACT . II 第 1 章 绪论. 1 1.1 选题的背景及目的 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 设计的基本内容 5 1.4 设计解决的主要问题 6 第 2 章 四轮转向汽车转向系统分析 7 2.1 前轮转向汽车与四轮转向汽车车轮运动学分析对比 7 2.1.1 前轮转向汽车车轮运动学分析 . 7 2.1.2 四轮转向汽车车轮运动学分析 . 7 2.2 四轮转向汽车受力分析 9 2.3 本章小结 10 第 3 章 四轮转向汽车转向液压系统方案的确定. 11 3.1 四轮转向汽车转向液压系统方案一 11 3.2 四轮转向汽车转
