1、I 摘 要 汽车传动系是汽车的核心组成部分。其任务是调节变换发动机的性能，将动力有 效而经济地传至驱动车轮，以满足汽车的使用要求。变速器是完成传动系任务的重要 部件，也是决定整车性能的主要部件之一。变速器的设计水平对汽车的动力性、燃料 经济性、换挡操纵的可靠性与轻便性、传动平稳性与效率等都有直接的影响。随着汽 车工业的发展,中型货车变速器的设计趋势为增大变速器传递功率与重量之比,并要 求变速器具有较小的尺寸和良好性能。 本文阐述了发动机的选择、 变速器方案的确定、 变速器设计、 变速器同步器设计、 变速器箱体设计。在给定中型货车发动机输出转矩、转速及最高车速、最大爬坡度等 条件下,着重对变速器
2、齿轮的结构参数、轴的结构尺寸等进行设计计算。 关键词：变速器；齿轮；同步器；设计；结构 II ABSTRACT Drivetrain is the core components of automobile. Its task is transforming and regulateing the performance of engine. Transmission can effectively and economically conveyed the power to the wheel which can meet the requirement of vehicles. Trans
3、mission is the important part of drivetrain components to complete the tasks. as well as one of the main factor to decide the whole performance of vehicle. The standards of Transmission designing can directly impact the vehicle dynamics, fuel economy, the reliability and portability of shifting, the
4、 smoothness and efficiency of Transmiting. Along with the development of the automobile industry, the trend of car transmission designing is to increase its transmission power and decrese its weight ,and hope have smaller size and excellent performance. This thesis are expounded the engine choice, t
5、ransmission solution, transmission design , design for transmission the synchronizer, design for transmission the first axis ,design for transmission box.In conditions that knowing the Reg engine out put torque, speed of engine and maximum speed of vehicles, maximum degree, focus on the designing of
6、 transmission gear structural parameters, axis geometry design computation; as well as the transmission and drive program structure design. Key words: Transmission；Gear；Synchronizer ；Design；Structure 目 录 摘要 I Abstract II 第 1 章 绪论 . 1 1.1 概述 1 1.1.1 汽车变速器的设计要求 1 1.1.2 国内外汽车变速器的发展现状 2 1.2 设计的内容及方法 2 第 2 章 变速器传动机构与操纵机构的布置 . 3 2.1 变速器传动机构布置方案 3 2.1.1 变速器传动方案分析与选择 3 2.1.2 倒档布置方案 3 2.1.3 零部件结构方案分析 4 2.2 变速器操纵机构布置方案 6 2.2.1 概述 6 2.2.2 典型的操纵机构及其锁定装置 7 2.3 本章小结 9 第 3 章 变速器的设计与计算 10 3.1 变速器主要参数的选择 . 10
