1、 I 摘要摘要 采煤综合机械化， 是加速我国煤炭工业发展， 大幅度提高劳动生产率， 实现煤炭工业现代化的一项战略措施。综合机械化不仅产量大，效率高， 成本低，而且能减轻笨重的体力劳动，改善作业环境，是煤炭工业技术的 发展方向。液压支架是综合机械化采煤方法中最重要的设备之一。 液压支架主要由以下几个基本部分组成： 顶梁， 掩护梁， 四连杆机构， 侧护板，底座，立柱和千斤顶等。设计要遵循支护性能好、强度高、移架 速度快、安全可靠等原则。 在这次放顶煤液压支架的设计过程中，主要以底座、主顶梁、尾梁和 立柱等结构件的机械部分设计为重点，用普通设计步骤设计总体结构尺 寸，再用 Solidworks 初绘
2、总体架型检查配合尺寸，然后转化为 CAD 并修 改细节，最后对主要构件进行强度校核，并用有限元分析部分构件。 关键词关键词：放顶煤液压支架；顶梁；四连杆机构；有限元 II Abstract The comprehensive mechanization of coal mining is the acceleration coal industrial development of our country, raises labor productivity substantially , realizes the modern a strategic measure of coal indu
3、stry. Synthesize mechanization not only output big, efficiency has low cost high and can alleviate heavy physical labor and improvement schoolwork environment, is the technology of coal industry develop direction. Hydraulic support is the one of comprehensive most important equipment in the mechaniz
4、ation method of coal mining. Hydraulic support major from some following basically partial compositions: Top beam, screens beam and 4 linkage mechanisms, side fender and base, prop. Design to follow protect performance good, strength is speed high, move rapid, safely reliable etc. principle. In this
5、 design process of caving hydraulic support, mainly in support of the base, the top beam, the beam and the column structure of the end of the mechanical part of the design focus, with the general design procedure to design the overall body size. The overall structure of the initial drawing with Soli
6、dworks to check with the size, and then transformed into and modify the details of the part of the CAD, at last major component of the strength check, and some elements of the FEM analysis. Keyword：caving hydraulic support；Crest beam；4 linkage mechanisms； FEM III 目录目录 第第 1 1章章 放顶煤放顶煤液压支架概论液压支架概论- - 1 1 - - 1.1放顶煤液压支架发展历史.- 1 - 1.2液压支架的应用和意义.- 3 - 1.3低位放顶煤液压支架的组成.4 1.4液压支架的工作原理.7 1.5 小结12 第第 2 2章章 液压支架整体结构设计液压支架整体结构设计1313 2.1支架主要尺寸的确定13 2.2支架四连杆机构的确定15 2.3四连杆机构的设计17 2.4顶梁结构设计21 2.5掩护梁结构的设计2
