1、 居住区景观 居住区景观居住区景观 The Living Landscape 学 部（院）： 建筑与艺术学院 专 业： 环境艺术设计 居住区景观 The Living Landscape INVENTORY AND ANALYSIS OF THE BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT After a community has identified the challenges and opportunities that it faces and has reached some consensus concerning its goals to address those iss
2、ues, then it is necessary to collect the information needed to achieve community goals. An inventory is a systematic acquisition of information needed to describe and characterize a place. Inventories provide the basis for ecological analysis. Information about nature has often been used in an AD HO
3、C manner in American planning. Only that information needed to achieve a specific goal is collectedso too often it is disconnected information. The basic premise of ecology is that everything is connected to everything else. As a result, the ecological approach differs from more traditional methods.
4、 For example, a flood frequently prompts community interests in planning, especially when loss of life and property damage has occurred. With a conventional planning response, only the flood-prone areas are identified. Also, this approach focuses primarily on the negative consequences of flooding. S
5、ince flooding is recognized by a community as a hazard to human safety, the responsible elected officials adopt a goal to prevent buildings in flood-prone areas. These areas are mapped and building restricted. The goal is one-dimensional. In contrast, in ecological planning the complex matrix of fac
6、tors related to flooding would be considered. Flooding is the result of the interaction of several natural phenomenarainfall, bedrock, terrain, soils, temperature, and vegetation, for instance. Since ecological planning rests on an understanding of relationships, broader-range information about the biophysical processes of an area must be collected and analyzed. In addition, an ecological view acknowledges the benefits of natural flooding events, such as the depos
