1、 仪仪 器器 分分 析析 阿司匹林的合成、表征及含量测定阿司匹林的合成、表征及含量测定 摘要:摘要: 阿司匹林又称乙酰水杨酸,在医药上具有解热、镇痛和抗炎药, 随着不断地研究发现,其对软化血管等其他多个领域也有诸多疗效。 首先发现柳树皮的提取物是一种强效的止痛退热及抗炎消肿药, 不久 就分离鉴定了其中的有效成分为水杨酸,随后用化学方法大规模生 产,供医用。为了对阿司匹林进一步不的了解,我们进行了阿司匹林 的合成制备实验:在浓硫酸介质中, 水杨酸和乙酸酐发生了乙酰化反 应,生称乙酰水杨酸,副产品可拥抱和的碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤以及乙酸 乙酯重结晶除去。同时乙酰水杨酸又具有一些特殊的结构,在红外谱 图中
2、课出现多个特征振动频率。比较产品和标准的红外谱图,同时结 合产品的熔点, 可对合成的产品进行鉴定。 除此之外我们还用酸碱滴 定测定产品的含量,并结合紫外分光度法对产品进行含量分析。 关键字:阿司匹林、合成、鉴定、含量测定 Abstract: This medicine aspirin or acetylsalicylic acid,also known as salicylic acid acetate ,Is a very conmmon treatment for cold medicine,hasantipyetic analgesic effect,but can also softe
3、n the blood vesselsFirst found in willow bark extract is a potent analgesic and anti-inflammatory swelling drug fever and soon separation identified one of the effective components in salicylic acid, then use chemical methods mass production, for medical. Line support sodium salicylate trial. In ord
4、er to further understanding of aspirin, we had aspirin synthesis preparation experiment: in concentrated sulfuric acid medium, salicylic acid and acetic anhydride happened acetylation reaction, born says acetyl salicylic acid, by-products can hug and sodium bicarbonate solution washing and ethyl ace
5、tate recrystallization remove. At the same time acetylsalicylic acid and has some special structure, the infrared spectrum diagram class appear many characteristic vibration frequency. Compare products and standard of infrared spectrogram, and at the same time, combined with product melting point, m
6、ay to the synthetic product identification. In addition we also use acid-base titration determination the content of products, and combined with ultraviolet spectrophotometry points of the content analysis. Key word: aspirin, synthesis, identification, content determination 1.前言前言 1.1 阿司匹林的简介阿司匹林的简介 阿斯匹林是人类常用的具有解热和镇痛等作用的一种片剂药品。 严格地说,阿斯匹林源于德国。2000 多年前,西方医学的奠基人希 波克拉底已发现,咀嚼柳树皮可治疗分娩疼痛和产后发热;古罗马人 用杨树皮的浸出液治疗坐骨神经痛; 美洲印第安人用柳树皮泡制的茶 退烧;非洲霍屯督人用柳树皮制成饮料医治风湿病。这些民间土药就 是天然阿斯匹林。1800 年,人们从杨柳科植物的树皮浸出液中,提