1、中文中文 6500 字，字，3900 英文单词，英文单词，19500 英文字符英文字符 文献出处：文献出处：Grasselli G. 3D behaviour of bolted rock joints: experimental and numerical studyJ. International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences, 2005, 42(1): 13-24. 英文原文 3D Behaviour of bolted rock joints:experimental and numerical study G. Grass
2、elli Abstract: Rock bolting is the most effective and also the most economical means of supporting excavations in rock. Various types of bolts are used today,and an understanding of the way in which these bolts work is essential for an optimal,safe,and economical use.Fully grouted,untensioned bolts
3、have been commonly used in rock mechanics(i.e.,mines,rock fall stabilisation,underground works)for many years.In the 1980s a new type of bolt,called Swellex,was developed,becoming more and more widespread because of their easy and fast installation. However,regardless of the type,the mechanical beha
4、viour of the bolted rock jointis not fully understood,and only the experience accumulated on rock bolting gives the know-how for the reinforcement calculation and execution.In this paper the different mechanical responses of full steel bars as opposed to the frictional Swellex are discussed. The stu
5、dy was done through experimental tests coupled with numerical simulations.The analysis of the results obtained both from fi nite element(FEM) modelling,and from large-scale(1:1) shear tests on rock joints,reinforced with fully grouted rods and Swellex bolts, clearly shows that the two bolt types def
6、orm in dissimilar ways,responding very differently to shear load. Keywords: Rock bolt; Swellex; Shear tests; Experimental tests 1.Introduction Excavation size is a key parameter in the stability of underground openings in rock, and the larger the excavation, the less stable the roof tends to be. In very poor rock masses, large excavations have an unsupported stand-up time less than the minimum time required to support the roof after the excavation. Therefore, the principal objective in the
