1、2850 英文单词，英文单词，13500 英文字符英文字符，中文中文 4200 字字 文献出处：文献出处：Balsari P, Manzone M, Marucco P, et al. Evaluation of seed dressing dust dispersion from maize sowing machinesJ. Crop protection, 2013, 51: 19-23. Evaluation of seed dressing dust dispersion from maize sowing machines Paolo Balsari, Marco Manzone,
2、 Paolo Marucco, Mario Tamagnone Abstract The present study analysed the constructive and operative parameters of pneumatic seeders and researched and assessed possible technical solutions for limiting the unwanted dispersion of dust from seed dressing during sowing of maize seeds. Tests were made on
3、 several maize pneumatic seeder models. The air fl ow rates and the air velocities at the fan outlet were assessed, the sizes of the areas contaminated with the material from the maize seeds was evaluated and the air velocities along the contour of the sowing machines were measured. Results showed t
4、hat by decreasing the fan air fl ow rate by 30% it was possible to consistently reduce the size of the area contaminated by seed dressing dust while maintaining a good quality of seeding. They also showed that the technical solutions proposed by the seeder manufacturers reduced the environmental con
5、tamination with the pesticide-containing dust by more than 90%. Keywords: Sowing machine；Maize seed；Neonicotinoids；Bee 1. Introduction In the last few years several honey bee poisoning incidents have been reported that were related to sowing maize seeds treated with neonicotinoid insecticides using
6、pneumatic seeders (Altmann, 2003; Greatti et al., 2003; Schnier et al., 2003; Greatti et al., 2006; Baldessari et al., 2008; Girolami et al., 2009). The air stream generated by the fan of the seeders in order to create the necessary depression in the sowing element of the machine, in fact, is considered responsible for blowing the solid dust particles detached from the seeds towards the areas adjacent to the seeded fi eld. Actually, the use of maize seed dressed with neonicotinoids is curre
