1、5000 英文单词，英文单词，2.8 万英文字符万英文字符，中文中文 8700 字字 文献出处：文献出处：Sandoval J A, Collins S J. Cultural indicators and global freedom of the pressJ. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 2016, 45(3): 248-260. Cultural Indicators and Global Freedom of the Press Jennifer A. Sandoval and Steve J. Collins A
2、BSTRACT This study sought to determine if cultural variables might explain differences in press freedom across nations. The results confirmed that two of Hofstedes cultural dimensions power distance and individualism explained a significant amount of variance in press freedom rankings produced by Fr
3、eedom House and Reporters Without Borders. For example, the two factors combined to explain 48% of the variance in Reporters Without Borders rankings and accounted for 42% of the variance in Freedom Houses civil liberties scores. The results suggest that those who seek to promote freedom of the pres
4、s around the world would be wise to pay more attention to cultural factors that may stand in the way of change. KEYWORDS：cultural dimensions; freedom of press; power distance; individualism; hofstede Introduction Press freedom, though arguably a Western concept, is largely recognized as a necessary
5、condition for economic prosperity and social justice (Gunaratne, 2002). The United Nations has identified it as a fundamental human right and encourages increased transparency, accountability and public participation to create independent and free media around the globe. A great deal of time, money
6、and effort have been invested in promoting press freedom and other forms of freedom of expression with progress only being made in fits and starts. While there are potentially many explanatory mechanisms for this challenge, the deep structure that cultural assumptions provide in national contexts is ripe for exploration in this regard. In 2015 Freedom House reported on their website that a mere 14% of the worlds citizens live in countries with free press (About Freedom of the Press,
