1、3000 英文单词，英文单词，1.6 万英文字符万英文字符，中文，中文 5450 字字 文献出处：文献出处：Wang S J, Moriarty P. Energy savings from Smart Cities: A critical analysisJ. Energy Procedia, 2019, 158: 3271-3276. Energy savings from Smart Cities: A critical analysis Stephen Jia Wang, Patrick Moriarty Abstract The worlds cities are responsib
2、le for some three-quarters of global energy use and energy- and industry-related greenhouse gas emissions. Global climate change mitigation, and ecological sustainability in general, therefore crucially depend on the sustainability practices of urban residents. Present climate change policies are no
3、t working, as annual emissions are still growing. Clearly, new approaches are needed. One possible new approach is to implement smart city policies. In this paper, the potential for smart city policies to help make significant energy (and related greenhouse gas) savings in urban transport and buildi
4、ng construction and operation is investigated. The main findings are that although significant potential exists, it will not be realised unless supporting policies are in place. Furthermore, support for smart city innovation will be weakened unless the challenges of data privacy, security and reliab
5、ility can be overcome. Keywords: air pollution; greenhouse gases; internet of things; smart cities; urban energy use; urban transport 1. Introduction More than half the 2018 global population of about 7.5 billion already live in cities, a proportion that can be expected to increase, at least in the
6、short term. When a full accounting of both energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions is done, it is estimated that cities globally are responsible for roughly 75% of both energy and energy- and industry-related GHGs 1,2. The energy that is directly consumed in cities, such as in urban vehicles, households and factories, is a major contributor to both urban air pollution and the urban heat island (UHI) effect. (In cities showing the UHI effect, various factors including heat release, reduced
