1、 1 本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目： Japans economic recovery and the relationship between the rapid growth of export 出 处： The Economist 作 者： Hirohisa Fujii 原 文： ABSTRACT Market liberalization and economic growth in an increasingly close relationship. Post-war Japan in the process of gradually opening the market to
2、achieve rapid economic growth. But after the mid-80s, because of Japans structural reform and market opening, and lags behind the international development of its own economic strength requirements of the Japanese economy in the gradual accumulation of contradictions in the development process, lead
3、ing the economy into long-term depression. Therefore, the establishment of the open market to meet the international system, the Japanese economy will remain a major issue facing future. Keywords: economic growth, open markets in Japan Introduction June 2001, the Japanese government lowered its econ
4、omic and financial advisory meeting growth target for the Japanese economy is forecast since the beginning of 2001 two or three years, gross domestic product (GDP) real growth rate of 0.5 percent, and with the non-performing loans processing and structural reforms, unemployment will increase by 15-2
5、0 million people, the Japanese economy is still difficult in the short term expectations of 2 the people toward recovery. So, what exactly is the crux of the Japanese economy? This paper theory from the open market, through the post-war economic growth in the Japanese practice of market liberalizati
6、on and the analysis of 90 long-term economic downturn since the root of Japan, as well as market liberalization and economic growth within relationship. .market liberalization and economic growth theory Market economy requires not only within a country to be open, but also for the world to achieve o
7、pen. In the context of todays increasingly global economy, commodity, currency, and information across national boundaries, creating a worldwide market. So, today, they say, is the main market opening their economies with the world economy. When to open their markets, why open the form in which is o
8、pen to what extent is the country with the formation of the formation of relations of production, and with the changes in the development of this relationship. It can not be out of a countrys economic development, history, culture, political system, ethics and other features. Thus, even if the succe
9、ss of the national market liberalization, it is not through the same path. In a country opening up the market to international competition, the Governments role will be relatively lower, the market mechanism will be strengthened accordingly, from this perspective, market liberalization and market me
10、chanism contains the theory of competition. Since the market economy since its inception, people of the market mechanism, there is always a different view. Adam Smith in his classic The Wealth of Nations, stressed the importance of free competition is the invisible hand, it can be self-regulating ec
11、onomic operation. Increasing national wealth the best way is to give complete freedom of economic activities. State intervention in economic life tend to impede the role play to limit the normal operation of the market system, damage the interests of consumers. Governments obligation should be mainl
12、y to protect society, to protect everyone in the community, so inviolable, construction and maintenance of some public utilities and facilities. The founder of classical school of economics new Marshall in his Principles of Economics, a book in a free competitive market economy for the assumptions a
13、nd conditions, emphasizing the basic ideas of economic liberalism, the laissez-faire, the state intervention in economic life that as is the ideal policy. Can be seen that the classical school and the new classical school of economists found that the free market economy mechanism of effectiveness, b
14、ut these 3 theories are based on imperfect competition and improve the market conditions on the assumption that Shenhua. Economic liberalism in the West dominated economics for 100 years until the 20th century, 30 years before giving way to Keyness economic interventionism. Keynesians argued that th
15、e Government must take fiscal measures to stimulate consumption and increase investment, to make up for lack of effective demand of free markets. This theory has been in the 70 years before the mainstream position. II. the post-war growth of the market opening on the role of the Japanese economy Pra
16、ctice has proved that if a country took the path of development of market economy, international trade has become inevitable. Therefore, the foreign trade of a country opening up usually constitute the first level. With the expansion of foreign trade, international investment continues to increase,
17、constitute the opening of the second level. On this basis, and gradually formed a multi-level market opening pattern. Early postwar period, Japans political, economic and social fields implemented a series of democratic reforms, started by the wartime control by the government-led economy to a marke
18、t economic system changes. In 1949, Japan implemented a fixed exchange rate system, the development of civil direct trade, the Japanese economy began to international markets. August 1952, Japan joined the International Monetary Fund (IM F) and the World Bank. September 1955, Japan joined the GATT (
19、GA TT), gradually increasing contact with the world. At that time, the international competitiveness of Japanese products is weak, the balance of payments deficit year after year, for the protection of the domestic economy in exchange for foreign exchange, the government adopted a strict protection
20、of the revitalization of trade and positive export policy. Capital flows in 1949 formulated the Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade Control Law, the important is to limit capital flight, to avoid balance of payments deteriorated. Meanwhile, in order to prevent foreign investment in the formation of t
21、he domestic market for domestic enterprises dominated government has strict restrictions on foreign investment, regulations must be reviewed individually by the MITI. These policy measures effectively protect the domestic market, cultivating a reserve force major industries to ensure that the development of the domestic economy badly needed imports of raw materials and technical equipment, and expand the
