1、花盆式智能型多功能太阳能手机充电器的研发 摘要 太阳能 相对于其他的能源，是可再生的，永远也用不完，其他能源资源稀缺有限 ，随着化石能源的日益枯竭、人们对环境保护问题的重视程度也在不断提高，寻找洁净的替代能源问题变得越来越迫切。太阳能作为一种可再生能源它具有取之不尽、用之不竭和清洁安全等特点，因此有着广阔的应用前景，光伏发电技术也越来越受到人们的关注，随着光伏组件价格的不断降低和光伏技术的发展，太阳能光伏发电系统将逐渐由现在的补充能源向替代能源过渡。 通过太阳能电池板将太阳能转换为电能，有单片机编程实现 PWM 波控制开关管从实现输出电压电流的改变，通 过显示电路显示输出状态及大小，由 ADC
2、0809实现数据的采集及转换并传给单片机做判断处理，从而实现电路的智能输出与控制。 通过 BUCK 电路给蓄电池充电，蓄电池将太阳能电池板所发出的电能存储起来，同时利用单片机控制整个系统的工作状态对蓄电池起到过充电保护、过放电保护，最后，通过 USB 接口将稳定直流电供给手机。另外，外观设计为盆栽树状以确保太阳能电池板采光充足。充电过程中采用 LED 灯、数码管指示，系统中设计有完备的过流过压保护，避免因电池过度充电而损坏，并且充电器采用模块式结构和 USB 接口，可对手机， MP3、摄 像机等多种数码产品充电。当光线不够强时，指示灯不亮，蓄电池为手机充电，光线足够强时，指示灯亮，太阳能电池板
3、供电，同时可为充电电池充电。软件的设计采用模块化设计方法，分为主程序部分、数码管显示模块、 AD 转换采集模块以 PWM 脉冲宽信号产生模块等。 关键词 太阳能，单片机， BUCK 变换器 花盆式智能型多功能太阳能手机充电器的研发 - 2 - Abstract Solar relative to other energy, is a renewable, never exhaustless, other energy resources are scarce limited ， Increasing depletion of fossil energy, its emphasis on env
4、ironmental protection are also rising, look for clean alternative energy issues become more urgent. Solar energy as a renewable energy it has an inexhaustible and clean and safe and so on, so have a broad application prospects, photovoltaic power generation technology is more and more attention, wit
5、h the PV module continue to lower prices and photovoltaic technology, solar PV systems will gradually supplement the energy from the current transition to alternative energy. Convert solar energy into electric energy through the solar cell board, a microcontroller programming PWM wave to control the
6、 switch from the realization of output voltage and current changes, through the display circuit shows the output state and size, are implemented by ADC0809 acquisition and conversion of data and transmit it to the microcontroller judgment processing, so as to realize the intelligent output and contr
7、ol circuit. The BUCK circuit to charge the battery through the battery, the electricity generated by solar panels can be stored, and the use of single-chip microcomputer to control the working state of the whole system played a battery charging protection, over discharging protection, finally, throu
8、gh the USB interface will be stable DC power supply mobile phone. In addition, designs for potted tree to ensure that the solar panel lighting adequate. The LED light, the charging process of LED, system design has been through the complete pressure protection, avoid excessive battery charging and d
9、amage, and the charger adopts modular structure and USB interface, the mobile phone, charging MP3, cameras and other digital products. When the light is not strong enough, the indicator light does not shine, the battery for mobile phone charging, light is strong enough, the indicator lights, solar p
10、anels to power, also can charge the rechargeable battery. Software design adopts module design method, divided into the main part of the program, digital tube display module, AD conversion module generating module with PWM pulse width signal. Key words solar energy,battery single chip, intelligent, BUCK converter
