1、1 摘 要 拖拉机是现代化农业生产中不可替代的动力机械，在农业生产中具有广泛的用途。拖拉机离合器的主要功用是分离发动机传来的动力，以使变速箱顺利挂挡或换挡；柔顺地接合动力，保证车辆平稳起步；超负荷时离合器打滑以保护零件免受损坏。 根据传递动力的方式，离合器分为摩擦式和液力式两种 ,目前摩擦式应用比较广泛。摩擦式离合器，根据从动盘的数目，可分为单片式 、双片式和多片式3 种；根据加压方式，可分为常接合式和非常接合式两种；根据其作用原理，还有单作用式和双作用式之分。 双作用离合器是汽车及拖拉机的部件之一，它是由安装在 一起的两个不同功能的离合器：即将动力传给驱动轮的主离合器和将动力传给动力输出轴的
2、副离合器。 单片离合器和双片离合器的优缺点对比：单片摩擦离合器具有从动部分转动惯量小、散热性好、结构简单、调整方便、尺寸紧凑、分离彻底等优点；而双片和多片式离合器接合虽较平顺，但分离不彻底、从动部分转动惯量大、中间压盘散热不良，结构复杂、成本高 。故双片离合器一般只应用在径向尺寸受限或采用单片时摩擦转矩不够的场合。 关键词 ： 单片离合器 ，双片离合器 ,摩擦式离合器 ，液力式离合器 变速箱 2 Abstract Tractor is the modernization of agricultural production in the irreplaceable driving force
3、for machinery, in agricultural production with a wide range of uses. The main function of tractor clutch is the driving force came from the engine, so that the transmission of gearbox shift smoothly ； flexibility and joint force to ensure a smooth start of vehicles； overloaded when the clutch slippi
4、ng to protect components from damage. According to convey the driving force, friction clutch is divided into two-and-hydraulic, a comprehensive range of friction applications. Friction clutch, according to the number-driven, can be divided into single-and double-and multi-chip three kinds； under pre
5、ssure, can be divided into joint-and often very junction of the two, according to its principle role , Single-and dual-role of the sub-type role. Double-action clutch of motor vehicles and tractors is one of the components, it is installed with a clutch two different functions: to be the main force
6、driving wheel transmission clutch and the power transmission power output shaft of the clutch. Single and double-clutch clutch the advantages and disadvantages compared: Friction clutch single moment of inertia has driven some small amount of heat is good, simple structure, the adjustment convenient
7、, compact size, the advantages of complete separation, while dual-and multi-chip clutch engagement Although more smoothly, Zhang is not completely isolated from the Portion moment of inertia, the middle-pressure cooling bad, structural complexity and high cost. Therefore, double-clutch is generally limited size of the radial or friction torque when using single-chip not enough occasions. Keywords： Friction clutch single ， Double-clutch friction ， Friction clutch Hydraulic clutch ， Gearbox
