1、中文 4037 字 ， 2582 单词， 13800 英文字符 出处： Javier Torao, Isidro Diego, Mario Menndez and Malcolm Gent. A finite element method (FEM) Fuzzy logic (Soft Computing) virtual reality model approach in a coalface long wall mining simulation. 2008, Vol. 17(4): 413-424 附录 外文翻译 A finite element method (FEM) Fuzzy l
2、ogic (Soft Computing) virtual reality model approach in a coalface long wall mining simulation Javier Torao, Isidro Diego, Mario Menndez and Malcolm Gent Abstract： The modeling of the behavior of a long wall coal mining installation is not an easy task, particularly when we deal with a coal seam exc
3、eeding4 m of thickness. The variables playing a role on the performance of the shearer and powered roof support are both difficult to define and quantify and technologies involved belong to several different scientific areas: geology, rock mechanics, stress-deformation calculations and hydraulics. S
4、tate of the art modeling tools ， fuzzy logic, neural networks and three-dimensional (3D) finite element calculations are employed in order to develop a computerized model that will allow predicting the response of the installation against changing operation conditions. This response is checked again
5、st extensive data obtained from deep measurement campaigns and finally shown to the system user through Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) tools. Keywords: Fuzzy logic； Coal long wall； Virtual reality； Powered roof support 1. Introduction The exploitation of coal deposits is a science with a l
6、arge amount of variables and a high percentage of uncertainties. The exploitation method to be used will depend mainly on the regularity and shape of the deposit. In case of flat and regular coal scams with slopes lower than 350 the preferred method is the so called long wall coalface, a highly prod
7、uctive method which can be almost completely mechanized. It has been widely used all over the world since the 1950s. In this method a long rectangle of coal, called ”panel” and ,ranging 1000 80 m is mined in a single pass. The face, 80m wide, is mined using a shearer, a traveling mechanism equipped
8、with a pair of rotating drums that extract the coal by means of metallic picks (sec Fig. 2). The height of the coal is called thickness and the long wall method is applied in scams which minimum thickness is 2m. In the case to be presented in this paper scam thickness ranges between 3 and 4.2 m. The
9、 sheared coal falls into an armoured face conveyor that transports it out of the working place. The rocks over the working area in front of the shearer are retained by a Shield support (Fig. 1), which holds the terrain stresses by means of hydraulic jacks. More than 50 units can be mounted side by s
10、ide to protect the whole face and these supports advance autonomously following the hollow opened by the shearer by means of another set of hydraulic jacks. The rock masses collapse behind the face as the supports move following the shearer. Although all the mining, transport and support systems arc
11、 fully mechanized, the changing behavior of the surrounding rock masses as the face passes by and the inherent changing nature of the rock scams force the use of a complete and direct human machine operation and supervision. Even more, the results of the mining operation can not be adequately predic
12、ted. The large number of factors that play a role in the coalface advance makes extremely difficult to predict future advances from very experienced engineers and workers, and this pre-diction is accurate only in similar conditions of the same mine. The working conditions are ever changing, as geolo
13、gical areas clearly favorable to exploitation turns in a quickly and unnoticed way to areas very unfavorable. It would be extremely interesting to have a tool prepared to simulate the behavior of the referred above systems and will open the possibility to a quasi-autonomous control of the systems. B
14、ut the development of this tool is an extraordinary complex task. Technical skills belonging to very different disciplines are involved: geology, rock mechanics, stress-deformation calculations and hydraulics among others. This paper shows the development and validation of a computerized model that
15、simulates the response of along-wall exploitation against the changing operation conditions, as well as its visual representation in a clear manner for the operator. The working strategy and the instruments used in this development are: -The earth pressures arc simulated through neural networks (Cheng and Peng 1,2). -An extensive measurements campaign of the coalface parameters has been carried out (Torao et al. 3). -The roof support has been simulated by FEM method using the commercial code Cosmos. The software is able to calculate the stress-strain state
