1、中文 3283字 英文原文： Web 3.0: A real personal Web! More opportunities & more threats 1.WHAT IS WEB 3.0? Web 3.0 is the second phase of the Web evolution.In Web 1.0,producers created contents for the users to use it and share it.While in Web 2.0,the users equally participated in the content creation and it
2、s sharing. Web 3.0 has changed the entire process by bringing machines closer to the users and producers for more dynamic, interactive and efficient creation of the contents and its management . In Web 3.0, the principle is based upon linking, integrating and analyzing data from various data sources
3、 into new information streams.Researchers, developers and even the users are defining Web 3.0 in their own way with one thing in common i.e. personalization of the Web. Or in other words, Web 3.0 will be about feeding you the information that you want, when you want it. However, the standard definit
4、ion of Web 3.0 has not yet been emerged at this moment since Web 3.0 is mainly under developing by World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) to become a reality . Linking of data in Web 3.0 is achieved with the help of semantic technologies like Resource Distribution Framework (RDF) and SPARQL, which have alr
5、eady been used for the development of the Semantic web. The basic feature of a Semantic Web is to allow a person or a machine to begin with a single database and then increase its access to infinity databases which are not connected by wires but on the basis of some common elements like place, 1 con
6、cept, age, etc . Semantic Web is a vision of having data on the web defined and linked in such a way that it can be used by computers not just for display purposes, but using for applications. Tim Berners-Lee defined it as “If HTML and the Web made all the online documents look like one huge book, R
7、DF, schema, and inference languages will make all the data in the world look like one huge database.It is a collaborative effort led by the World Wide Web consortium (W3C) and involving a large number of industrial partners and researchers. Semantic Web mainly operates on Resource Description Framew
8、ork (RDF) which is a standard model for data interchange on the web.RDF was designed to provide a common way to describe information so it can be read and understood by computer applications.RDF is written in XML that can be easily exchanged between different machines using different operating syste
9、ms.Meantime,RDF joins structure of the web with Uniform Resource Identifiers (URIs) and allows original data in each database to form in an original form such as XML, Excel, etc . The base of Web3.0 applications resides in RDF for providing a mean to link data, which has been created in Web 2.0 era,
10、 from multiple websites or databases. With SPARQL, a query language for RDF data, applications can access native graph based RDF stores and extract data from traditional databases.Web Ontology Language (OWL) is another language which can play a main role in the applications of Web 3.0. OWL and RDF a
11、re much of the same things, but OWL is a stronger language with greater machine interpretability than RDF.OWL is built on the top of RDF but comes with a larger vocabulary and stronger syntax than RDF . Technology from the Semantic web and data from the Web 2.0 are the two main building blocks of th
12、e new Web 3.0. By integrating these blocks, Web 3.0 2 seems to comprise of two platforms,semantic technologies and social computing environment. Semantic technologies have the open standards and can be applied on the top of the existing web. These Semantic technologies can play a key role in the fut
13、ure Web 3.0 application like,advanced data management by using RDF, creation of a ubiquitous web equally accessible from mobile devices by using Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) 6,stimulation towards creativity and innovation by minimizing the distance between man and machine,discovering new business mod
14、els by shortening the innovation cycle, movement towards a true globalization and last but not the least merging the social web community information together by using the semantic web technology RDF e.g. SIOC-project.org. 2.WEB 2.0 VS. WEB 3.0 We are currently in Web 2.0 era but rapidly approaching
15、 towards Web 3.0. A thin red line exists between Web 2.0 and Web 3.0 which isolates their scope of work and cause of development.The main purpose for the Web 3.0 is to fix and improve the constraints of Web 2.0 rather to replace it.However,we will try to find the major distinctions between Web 2.0 a
16、nd Web 3.0. The principle for the evolution of Web 2.0 was the promotion of information sharing and content creation, either by the producers or by the users themselves. While Web 3.0 is targeted towards linked sets of data created in different languages and at different places. In Web 2.0, a large number of social webs,blogs,databases like Wikipedia and so called video on demand (YouTube)
