1、中文 5000 字 毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译 系 部 经济系 专 业 国际经济与贸易 学生姓名 学号 指导教师 职称 2014 年 4 月 Research on the Agricultural Products Export in Shandong Province under Green Trade Barriers Chapter One Introduction 1.1 Research Background and significance of the Paper Green trade barriers closely related to green trade prot
2、ection, which provides the trade protector a new concept and had a huge impact on international trade. Although green trade barriers blocked the international trade to some extent, it actually aims to protect environment and human health. Green trade is a trend in the international trade and an irre
3、versible one in the world market. 1.1.1 Research Background As the worlds largest developing country, agriculture industry is the traditional industry in China and agricultural products have been the traditional ones for trade. And green trade barrier will have a far-reaching influence on Chinas agr
4、icultural products export. Since Chinas accession to the WTO in2001, Chinas agricultural products export enterprises have been restricted not only by tariffs, quotas and other restrictions, but also suffer from the so-called “green requirements”, which led to difficulty in access to the world market
5、. Under the WTO framework, more and more countries have adopted subtler, less transparent measures on their agricultural production and trade under green trade barriers, which makes it harder to monitor and predict. So Chinas agricultural trade and overall economic development will face new challeng
6、es, thus how to cope with green trade barriers has become key issues for us. 1.1.2 Significance of the Paper Agriculture in China has a long history. Early center of Agriculture has been identified in the Huang he (Yellow River) in China. Rice, millet, soybean, onion, and peach are among of the most
7、 important products originated in this region. China has been a nation of farmers for over 4,000 years. When the Peoples Republic of China was established in 1949, all arable land was under cultivation； agricultural infrastructure as irrigation and drainage systems constructed centuries earlier and
8、intensive farming practices already produced relatively high yields (Library of Congress). Currently, even Chinas cropland is only about 75 percent of the US(8). The main crops cultivated are rice, wheat, maize, cotton, soybeans and tobacco. Agricultural of China is important due to the size of popu
9、lation and economic development. Since most of Chinese population is considered rural, agricultural activities is one of the main sources of employment in the country. Concerns about food security make the government put strong emphasis in production. In general terms, it must satisfy 21 percent of
10、worlds population food needs with just 9 percent of world arable land. Chapter two 2.1 Situation of Agricultural Products Export Reform and trade liberalization in Chinas external sector has proceeded progressively during last 20 years. Though this reform period, Chinas trade regime has gradually ch
11、anged form a highly centralized, planned and import substitution regime to a more decentralized, market-oriented and exports promotion one. These changes in trade and other policies have significantly affected the total and composition of Chinas trade in favor of the products in which China has a co
12、mparative advantage. China tends to exports labor-intensive products such fruits,vegetables,fish and processed agricultural goods, which has been destined mainly to neighboring countries,especially Japan, Korea and others countries of Southeast Asia and also the USA and Europe. Exports of agricultur
13、al products are an important source of foreign currency in China, however ,even the value of agricultural products exportation continue growing, its share as part of the total export value has diminished gradually over the years, from a share of 20% in 1998 to 6.3% in 2000(21). China continues being
14、 a major world player in exports of agricultural products. In 2001, export of garlic and mushrooms were above 40 percent of world exports, while export of silk reached a share of 81 percent (measured in value). China exports a lot of vegetables, however not all in same big quantities. Garlic has bee
15、n the main exported in this category with a quantity of 54.65 thousand Mt in 2001, and an average of 233 thousand Mt over the part 11 year period. Canned mushrooms and Dry onions reached averages of 171 and 103 thousand Mt each one during the same period. Other vegetables, also very important, that
16、had big average exported quantities (in thousand Mt) are : cabbages (53.5), carrots (35.9), mushroom (35.5), watermelons (28.5), dried mushrooms (24.8), cauliflower (18.3), tomatoes (18.1), leeks (13.6), and green broad beans (11.6). In the group of meat (23), chicken meat and pork has been the most important with an average export of 237.2 and 190.2 thousand Mt per year. Other types of meat that represent relative large
