1、中文 5075字 Application of HEMS cooling technology in deep mine heat hazard control HE Man-chao1,2 1School of Mechanics & Civil Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing 100083, China 2StateKey Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, Beijing 100083, China Abstr
2、act: This paper mainly deals with the present situation, characteristics, and countermeasures of cooling in deep mines. Given existing problems in coal mines, a HEMS cooling technology is proposed and has been successfully applied in some mines. Because of long-term exploitation, shallow buried coal
3、 seams have become exhausted and most coal mines have had to exploit deep buried coal seams. With the increase in mining depth, the temperature of the surrounding rock also increases, resulting in ever increasing risks of heat hazard during mining operations. At present, coal mines in China can be d
4、ivided into three groups, i.e., normal temperature mines, middle-to-high temperature mines and high temperature mines, based on our investigation into high temperature coal mines in four provinces and on in-situ studies of several typical mines. The principle of HEMS is to extract cold energy from m
5、ine water inrush. Based on the characteristics of strata temperature field and on differences in the amounts of mine water inrush in the Xuzhou mining area, we proposed three models for controlling heat hazard in deep mines: 1) the Jiahe model with a moderate source of cold energy； 2) the Sanhejian
6、model with a shortage of source of cold energy and a geothermal anomaly and 3) the Zhangshuanglou model with plenty of source of cold energy. The cooling process of HEMS applied in deep coal mine are as follows: 1) extract cold energy from mine water inrush to cool working faces； 2) use the heat ext
7、racted by HEMS to supply heat to buildings and bath water to replace the use of a boiler, a useful energy saving and environmental protection measure. HEMS has been applied in the Jiahe and Sanhejian coal mines in Xuzhou, which enabled the temperature and humidity at the working faces to be well con
8、trolled. Keywords: deep mine heat hazard； mine classification； mine water inrush； heat hazard control model 1 Introduction Coal has been the major energy source in China for a long time, occupying an irreplaceable position in the one-off energy structure. Shallow resources have become increasingly e
9、xhausted as a result of exploitation over long periods. Therefore, most coal mines have had to resort to deep exploitation. In addition, the complex geo-mechanical environment increases the risk of frequent engineering accidents. This complex geo-mechanical environment is caused by “the three highs
10、and one disturbance”, i.e., high ground stress, high ground temperature, high osmotic pressure and intensive disturbance through exploitation1.There are many local disasters, such as gas explosions, pressure bumps, laneway bottom water inrushes, serious mine pressure, severe deformation and pheologi
11、cal behavior of surrounding rock. However, the high temperature heat hazard in deep mines is the risk of disaster we have to cope with at present. High temperature heat hazard in deep mines affect not only the mechanical properties of surrounding rocks, but also safety in mine production2. According
12、 to incomplete statistics, there are a total of 33 mines in China with a mining depth exceeding 1000 m, with the temperature of the working face reaching 3040 C. The problem of deep mine heat hazard has already seriously affected the energy resource development in China, which needs to be urgently s
13、olved. With the increase in mining depth, the temperature of the surrounding rock keeps rising, seriously increasing heat hazard in exploitation and tunneling working faces. During the 1950s and 1960s, serious heat hazard occurred in some deep mines both at home and abroad. In the 1970s, the problem
14、 became more widespread with a tendency of developing from a few individual mines to all coal mines. According to some preliminary statistics of mines in foreign countries3, the air temperature in mines of western South Africa has risen to 50 C at a depth of 3300 m. Because of the near presence of g
15、eothermal water, the air temperature in the Fengyu lead-zinc ore mine in Japan is up to 80 C at a depth of 500 m. By the year 2000, the average mining depth of state-owned coal mines in China was about 650 m and the average temperature of the original rock ranged between 35.9 and 36.8 C at the produ
16、ction level. For those mines with a depth exceeding 1000 m, the original rock temperature ranged between 40 and 45 C while the temperature at the working faces was between 34 and 36 C, causing most mines to become heat hazard areas of the first or second level. Such hot environments do serious harm to the workers health and are the cause of low physical ability, such as low work efficiency, heat-strokes and thermal blooming. All that above results in neurological disturbances for workers, reducing the ability to protect themselves and may seriously affect the safety production.
