1、中文 3170 字 Intelligent logistics handling robot-AGV Handling the logistics function is one of the elements of the logistics systems have a high rate, logistics occupy an important part of the cost. United States industrial production process Handling costs account for 20-30% of the cost. German logis
2、tics enterprises Material handling costs account for one-third of the turnover. Japan logistics handling costs account for the GNP 10.73%,and China production logistics handling costs account for about 15.5% of the manufacturing cost. All of the world have been seeking mechanization and intelligent
3、handling technology and equipment. AGV, a flexible and intelligent logistics handling robots, from the 1950s, storage industry begans to use. now in the manufacturing sector, ports, terminals and other areas of universal application. AGV notable feature is unmanned, the AGV is equipped with an autom
4、atic guidance system, system can be protected in no artificial pilot circumstances can be scheduled along the route will automatically, goods or materials from the threshold automatically delivered to the destination. Another feature of the AGV is good flexibility and a high degree of automation and
5、 a high level of intelligence, AGV according to the route of storage spaces, such as changes in the production process and the flexibility to change, running path and the cost of change with the traditional carousels and rigid transmission line compared to low. AGV is equipped with the general handl
6、ing agencies, equipment and other logistics automatic interface, Implementation of goods and material handling and the removal process automation. Moreover, the AGV is also cleaner production characteristics, AGV rely on the built-in battery powered. running process without the noise, pollution-free
7、, and can be applied to many of the requirements in the working environment cleaner place. AGV types AGV it has been since the invention of a 50-year history, with the expansion of areas of application, of the types and forms of diversity has become. Often under the AGV will automatically process th
8、e way of AGV navigation divided into the following categories : 1.Electromagnetic Induction-guided AGV Electromagnetic Induction general guide is on the ground, along a predetermined route of the buried cable, when the high-frequency currents flowing through wires, Traverse electromagnetic field gen
9、erated around, AGV symmetrical installed two electromagnetic sensors, they receive the electromagnetic signal intensity differences reflect AGV deviated from the path degree. AGV control system based on this bias to control the vehicles steering, Continuous dynamic closed-loop control to ensure AGV
10、path for the creation of a stable tracking. This guide electromagnetic induction method of navigation in the vast majority of the AGVS commercial use, particularly applies to the large and medium-sized AGV. 2. Laser-guided AGV The AGV species can be installed on a rotating laser scanner, running pat
11、h along the walls or pillars installed a high reflective of positioning signs, AGV rely on the laser scanner fired a laser beam, followed by the reflective signs around the positioning of the laser beam back, on-board computer to calculate the current vehicle position and the direction of movement,
12、adopted and built-in digital maps correction compared to the position, thus achieving automatic removal. Currently, the types of AGV increasingly prevalent. And the basis of the same guiding principles, if the laser scanner replacement for infrared transmitters, ultrasonic transmitters. is laser-gui
13、ded AGV can become infrared-guided AGV and ultrasound-guided AGV. 3. Vision-guided AGV Vision-guided AGV is under rapid development and maturity of the AGV. The species AGV is equipped with a CCD camera and sensors. on-board computer equipped with AGV wishes to the route of the surrounding environme
14、nt image database. AGV moving process, dynamic access to traffic cameras around environmental information and images and image databases, thus determine the current location of the next stage will make a decision. AGV such as setting up does not require any physical path, in theory, has the best gui
15、de Flexible, With the computer image acquisition, storage and processing of the rapid development of technology, the kinds of practical AGV is growing. In addition, there are ferromagnetic gyro inertial-guided AGV, optical-guided AGV variety of forms of AGV. Application of AGV 1. Warehousing Warehou
16、sing AGV is the first application of the place. In 1954 the first to AGV in the United States state of South Carolina Mercury M otor Freight companys operational warehouse for storage of goods from achieving automatic removal. At present the world is about 2 million operation in a wide range of AGV
17、2,100 large and small warehouses. Videocon Group in 2000, running the operation zone warehouse, 9 AGV Taiwan formed a soft bank automatic handling system, successfully completed the 23,400 daily conveying goods and parts handling tasks. 2. Manufacturing AGV production in the manufacturing sector in
18、line to succeed, efficient, accurate and flexible materials to complete the task of handling. And may be composed of multiple AGV Flexible handling of the logistics system Along with handling the production line can process adjustments and timely adjustment make a production line to produce more tha
19、n 10 types of products, greatly improving production flexibility and the competitiveness of enterprises. 1974 Swedens Volvo Kalmar car assembly plants in order to improve the transport system flexibility AGVS based tools to carry automatic car assembly line, from the assembly line more than capable
20、of carrying the body of car components AGVS use of the assembly line. reduced assembly time by 20% and 39% decrease assembly fault, the investment recovery period decreased 57% labor decreased by 5%. Currently, AGV in the worlds major car manufacturers, such as General Motors, Toyota, Chrysler, publ
21、ic works, such as automobile manufacturing and assembly line is being widely used. In recent years, as the basis for CIMS removal tool, the AGV to the mechanical application of in-depth processing, production of home appliances, microelectronics manufacturing, tobacco and other industries, productio
22、n and processing areas to become the most widely AGV areas. 3. Post office, library, port and airport At post offices, libraries, and airport terminals occasions, the delivery of the existence of operational changes, dynamic nature, processes recurring adjustments, and removal processes in a single,
23、 features AGV concurrent operations, automation, Intelligent and flexible to the characteristics of a good occasion to meet on-removal requirements. Sweden in 1983 in Stockholm offices Slovakia, Japan in 1988 in Tokyo, Tama offices, China in 1990 in Shanghai started to use postal hub AGV complete re
24、moval products work. Port of Rotterdam in the Netherlands. 50 known as the yard tractors AGV completed container from the side of the delivery of several hundred yards from the The repeatability warehouse work. 4. Tobacco, medicine, food, chemicals For the removal operation is clean, safe, non-pollu
25、ting emissions, and other special requirements of the tobacco, pharmaceutical, food, chemical and other industries, AGV application also be in focus. Many cigarette enterprises laser-guided AGV completed pallet cargo handling work such as Philip Morris tobacco company 、 Royal tobacco company etc. 5. Dangerous places and special services Militarily, the AGV to the automatic driving-based Integrated detection and other demolition equipment, Mine can be used for battlefield reconnaissance and position, the British military is developing a MINDER Recce is a reconnaissance vehicle, with mine
