1、中文 2100 字 英文原文 Winch brake system on large-scale design of the best Red Phosphorus Technical Institute of the Chinese Red Phosphorus Muroran Institute of Technology Muroran Japan Hitachi Machinery Motorcycle laboratory Tsugaru Strait Japan Abstract In order to adapt like the tower molding machine, m
2、akes the winch as far as possible small and light is very important. Therefore, this article reported braking systems optimum design. Because of braking systems precise controllability and so on, the disposition braking systems can improve the systems operation the security. The author studied one k
3、ind to install on the 1000kw winch brake discs pliers disc brake, this kind of winch had the 10m/s fluctuation speed. Preface: In order to do as much as possible to winch the small and light is very important. In this area of a hoist are usually equipped with disc brakes. However, in order to achiev
4、e this objective by trying to improve the braking system, particularly the improved allocation of a brake winch safety of the operation. Winch is connected with a traditional brake disc brakes. Spring-friction with the pressure in the brake disc, and pressure on the size of the device installed in t
5、he braking pressure on the hydraulic cylinder control. If any oil hydraulic cylinder seals broken, the film will be exposed to the friction in the mist. This will result in a dangerous results - reduce the pressure on the brake. To avoid this potential danger, the author of the study indicative of a
6、 new type of brake, people from the maintainability of the view to study this new type of brake agencies. As brake institutions should also be very small, 20 MPA is considered the work pressure. In order to find the best system for us to study the characteristics of system dynamics. Braking System W
7、e take a typical winch (1000 kw) as a study example. There are two brake disc and four groups of institutions targeted in the brake disc. The maximum torque is when the emergencies occurs, is also when the maximum braking torque needs to drop, the maximum braking torque expresses the equality 12111
8、)(*)21()(*)22( DppddvDMDIT tVwb (1) In the formula wI = revolving components moment of inertia ( 2kgm ) VM = components quality (kg ) 1D = winch spool diameter (m ) v = velocity of whirl ( sm/ ) 1p = when loading ropes pulling force (n ) 2p = when unloading ropes pulling force (n ) In this case, whe
9、n winchs power is 1000 speeds is 100, the equilibrium value is not 100, therefore, biggest braking torque =250 has the following research institute to decide. Pliers disc brake The demonstration such new style braking system has a pair of clamp. The clamp clamps the brake disc with the brake pad. A
10、on hydraulic cylinder uses for located at side the brake pad opposition to control installs in the above spring pressure. When eight braking mechanisms simultaneously affect on winchs time, equates affects a 32knm braking torque which in the brake pad center 29kn produces, if friction coefficient =0
11、.4. Can see two pair of pliers plates separately by the pin seal in and the feather piece is fixed together on the winch. Ten helical springs place in the together spring assembly can exert 24kn the strength. The strength can through establish adjusts in the above screw rod, in order to on many kind
12、s of specification winchs braking system as far as possible widespread application. Through controls hydraulic cylinders flowing tubing head pressure as a priming hydraulic cylinder to control the braking torque. Because braking torques hysteresis (is opposite in control signal) is because rubs caus
13、es, Therefore priming by very precise design so that eliminates pistons resistance. The elastomer material is placed together between each brake pad and the pliers plate, the goal is obtains the same contact force. A group of pliers plate brake is placed nearby brake discs two. Their relations can l
14、ook. Looks like such which in the chart demonstrated that is loaded with the new style pliers plate brake and the winch has the very good union. Control system The braking mechanism adjusts under the safe premise, with the aim of using fully from hydraulic cylinders pressure oil applies the brake. T
15、wo brake valve connects on the hydraulic cylinder； One is a safety valve, one treadons the valve. Because in the worldwide scale must increase the work load, winchs power and the winch movements speed is getting quicker and quicker. Under this kind of environment, to maintain winchs security, brakin
16、g mechanisms characteristic should improve. We had already studied control systems dynamics. Control systems dynamic simulation The input signal gives the magnet coil controlling spring impels the pressure control valve by this (service brake) pressure F1. Valves output P2 and driving influence F1 i
17、s becomes the proportion under the steady state, achieves the steady state through negative feedback P2 and the pressure F1 inverse proportion relations. One with the negative feedback connections accumulator, its role is uses for to remove, because the oil pressure sleeps valves misalignment quanti
18、ty which the nature causes. Simultaneously this system also has a phase angle of advance. The related equation is as follows: in circuit diagram strength equation, 0)( 211101111 pAkxxxxm (2) Inducts the feedback room pressure P2 )/e x p (1 112 Ttpp (3) Tries to hit the T1= time-constant, pressurize
19、P2, but needs current capacity Q1 21 QQQ S 21111 /)(2 ppxdc s (4) Tries to hit the C= leakage coefficient, = fluid density, inflow priming current capacity 11 /)( RppQ aS abpaaaaa pKKAKxAV )/(/)( 2 （ 5） Tries the medium oil coefficient of volume Ka to have pressure Pa to cause, R1 is the elasticity
20、coefficient, flows to feedback room current capacity Q2 212 /)( RppQ a （ 6） About priming strength equation 0)()( 00 apbabbaaaaaa xkFxkFpAxxm （ 7） Moreover in here, impels the brake pad strength Fb is, abbb xkFF 0 （ 8） In fact, quality Ma and the displacement measure Xa to be small, may neglect in t
21、he equality 7 inertia and the viscous friction in the actual system. As a result of this reason, the instruction braking torque Tb response which pressure Pa itself can be approximate. We simultaneously are trying with mathematics method solution equation set (2)-(8), has the 32Knm braking torque tw
22、o brakes by each to take a group. In view of applies in the brake situation routine calculation result, when input signal in stepped changes, pressure Pa fast to installation value change. On ours experience, brakes control system has certainly a best response - - fast response not to cause the harm
23、ful vibration. The best response was considered that should before applying the brake the constant, the best value is 0.3 second. (1) Is revolving the constant 0.3 change curve around some, there side has not radiated has not been able to cause the obvious time lag which the system stability goes ba
24、d. Compares with the computation result, has other one not to affect the result. It is the obvious accumulator, not only the time lag was quite short moreover the curve characteristic also to obtain the improvement. Consideration This disc brake needs a flexible material to obtain the same brake pad
25、 contact pressure. Usually, the brake pad must expose in the brake process in the high temperature air. As a result of this reason, uses in this kind of situation flexible material, must have the strict limit. Conclusion Has analyzed the disc brake and its control system in here us, these analysis r
26、esult is summarized for below:a (1) winch stop assemblys method； The disc brake was already included the plan. This kind of optimum design and the machine match are very good, although the brake had already accepted spring this type, simultaneously its compatibility also obtained the consideration.
27、(2) through controls the brake pad using the flexible material the contact pressure, causes the contact pressure the assignment is the same, but the flexible materials choice needs the care very.the (3) braking forces size has the function on pistons flowing tubing head pressure to decide that the b
28、raking force and the spring strength are opposite. The accumulator and brake valves negative feedback connects in together, affects the brake the stability. Thanks The author hoped (the Muroran i.t student) gentleman expresses sincere thanks to M.Kodo, M.Kodo in these research period has given the very big help.
