1、 外文翻译及译稿 外文题目： Trade liberalization and patterns of strategic adjustment in the US textiles and clothing industry 译文题目： 美国纺织品和服装产业的贸易自由化和战略调整模式 Trade liberalization and patterns of strategic adjustment in the US textiles and clothing industry Belay Seyoum U.S.A. The overall environment facing the US
2、 TC industry will be one of rapidly changing market conditions and technological innovation. With the phase out of quotas and growing number of trade agreements, the US TC industry is being exposed to intense competition in export and domestic markets. This is likely to lead domestic industries/labo
3、r to demand intervention by national governments to mitigate the adverse impact of trade liberalization . Chinese leaders have expressed strong opposition to outside pressure on their currency policy, calling it a form of protectionism and interference in Chinas domestic economic policy, and some ha
4、ve even questioned whether the currency is undervalued at all. However, on June 19, 2010, the Chinese central bank, the Peoples Bank of China (PBC) stated that, based on current economic conditions, it had decided to “proceed further with reform of the RMB exchange rate regime and to enhance the RMB
5、 exchange rate flexibility.” It ruled out any large one-time revaluations, stating “it is important to avoid any sharp and massive fluctuations of the RMB exchange rate,” in part so that Chinese corporations could more easily adjust (such as through upgrading) to an appreciation of the currency. Man
6、y observers contend the timing of the RMB announcement was intended in part to prevent Chinas currency policy from being a central focus of the G-20 summit in Toronto from June 26-27, 2010. On June 22, 2010, the RMB appreciated by 0.43% against the dollar (to 6.80 yuan) over the previous day, which,
7、 at the time, was the largest daily rise since reforms were implemented in July 2005. However, on the following day (June 23) it depreciated to 6.81 yuan. As indicated in Figure 3, the yuans exchange rate with the dollar has gone up and down over the past few months, but overall, it has appreciated
8、by 1.9% through October 1, 2010, with most of that appreciation occurring in September. 3 Some analysts contend that the appreciation of the currency in September 2010 has had more to do with Chinese concerns over possible congressional action on the currency than economic considerations. In spite o
9、f the substantial job losses, the US TC industry remains technologically advanced partly due to increased productivity resulting from advances in technology and design capabilities. Textile production is capital intensive and modern technology is essential to meet the increasing for high-quality pro
10、ducts. Over the last few years, US textiles and apparel firms have substantially increased their investment to maintain modern manufacturing facilities as well as improve production and marketing capabilities in order to maximize their inherent advantages to market proximity. In apparel, low skill p
11、roduction jobs have moved to low-cost locations offshore while the more skilled ones have been retained. To successfully adapt to the new environment, US TC industries need to capitalize on their sources of competitive advantage. They need to develop a more flexible operational arrangement, meet high standards in product innovation and generally develop a more change-seeking business culture (Kilduff, 2005).
