1、 英 文 翻 译 2011 届 电气工程及其自动化 专业 0706073 班级 题 目 遗传算法在非线性模型中的应用 姓 名 学号 070607313 英语原文 ： Application of Genetic Programming to Nonlinear Modeling Introduction Identification of nonlinear models which are based in part at least on the underlying physics of the real system presents many problems since both
2、the structure and parameters of the model may need to be determined. Many methods exist for the estimation of parameters from measures response data but structural identification is more difficult. Often a trial and error approach involving a combination of expert knowledge and experimental investig
3、ation is adopted to choose between a number of candidate models. Possible structures are deduced from engineering knowledge of the system and the parameters of these models are estimated from available experimental data. This procedure is time consuming and sub-optimal. Automation of this process wo
4、uld mean that a much larger range of potential model structure could be investigated more quickly. Genetic programming (GP) is an optimization method which can be used to optimize the nonlinear structure of a dynamic system by automatically selecting model structure elements from a database and comb
5、ining them optimally to form a complete mathematical model. Genetic programming works by emulating natural evolution to generate a model structure that maximizes (or minimizes) some objective function involving an appropriate measure of the level of agreement between the model and system response. A
6、 population of model structures evolves through many generations towards a solution using certain evolutionary operators and a “survival-of-the-fittest” selection scheme. The parameters of these models may be estimated in a separate and more conventional phase of the complete identification process.
7、 Application Genetic programming is an established technique which has been applied to several nonlinear modeling tasks including the development of signal processing algorithms and the identification of chemical processes. In the identification of continuous time system models, the application of a
8、 block diagram oriented simulation approach to GP optimization is discussed by Marenbach, Bettenhausen and Gray, and the issues involved in the application of GP to nonlinear system identification are discussed in Grays another paper. In this paper, Genetic programming is applied to the identificati
9、on of model structures from experimental data. The systems under investigation are to be represented as nonlinear time domain continuous dynamic models. The model structure evolves as the GP algorithm minimizes some objective function involving an appropriate measure of the level of agreement betwee
10、n the model and system responses. One examples is nieJ121 (1) Where 1e is the error between model output and experimental data for each of N data points. The GP algorithm constructs and reconstructs model structures from the function library. Simplex and simulated annealing method and the fitness of
11、 that model is evaluated using a fitness function such as that in Eq.(1). The general fitness of the population improves until the GP eventually converges to a model description of the system. The Genetic programming algorithm For this research, a steady-state Genetic-programming algorithm was used.
12、 At each generation, two parents are selected from the population and the offspring resulting from their crossover operation replace an existing member of the same population. The number of crossover operations is equal to the size of the population i.e. the crossover rate is 100 . The crossover algorithm used was a subtree crossover with a limit on the depth of the resulting tree. Genetic programming parameters such as mutation rate and population size
