1、 1 外文资料 Database and Database System What is a Database? The usual argument, the term refers to the database, database management system managed data set； database management system, also known as DBMS, I called a database system. Database management system DBMS can do the following: 1. Allows the u
2、ser to use a special language called the data definition language to create a new database and specify the details of the program (the logical data structure). 2. Enables users to use the appropriate language, often called data manipulation language or query language to query data (query asks the da
3、tabase for data term) and modify the data. 3. In a long period of time, support very large amounts of data storage (Kyrgyzstan orders of magnitude or more) to maintain data security, free from accidents and unauthorized use； on the query and data modification, allowing efficient data storage. 4. For
4、 many users for rapid data access control does not allow a users use of other users, do not allow accidental destruction of data while data access. The first commercial database management systems in the late 60s. They come from the file system development, file systems, since the data stored for a
5、long time, but also allows large amounts of data storage. Transaction Processing Manager is responsible for system components integrated. It must ensure that some of the same time not interfere with each other to run the query, and even system failure would not lose data. Its interaction with the qu
6、ery manager to work because of their need to know to run the current query what data, and may be delayed for a number of queries or operations will not conflict. Its interaction with the memory work, because of data protection solutions including data modifications are usually stored records. Sortin
7、g through the appropriate action, including amending the record segment records back to when the system fails, these changes have not affected to a disk can be re-executed. Change is a large operation on the data changed. The same as the query, they can be released through the general interface, but
8、 also through the application interface. Planning is about the number of instructions to modify these instructions are usually sometimes referred to by the authorized individuals to publish a database administrator, database administrator can change the database program or create a new database. In
9、a simple database system, storage manager may be just the operating system file system. However, for efficiency 2 purposes, DBMS usually direct control of the storage on disk, at least in some cases. Storage Manager consists of two parts, namely, the buffer manager and file manager. Query Manager ro
10、le is a query or database operation, which may be expressed using advanced methods, into a series of requests for storage. 3 外文翻译： 数据库和数据库系统 什么是数据库？用通常的说法，数据库这一术 语指的是数据库管理系统管理的数据集合 ；数据库管理系统也 叫 DBMS，我就称作数据库 系统 .数据库管理系统 DBMS 可以完成下列工作： 1.允许用户使用称作数据定义语言的专用语言来创建新的数据库并详细指明其方 案（数据的逻辑结构） 。 2.使用户能够使用适当的语言 ,通
11、常称作查询语言或数据操作语言 ,来查询数据 （查询是用于数据询问的数据库术语）和修改数据。 3.在一个长的时期里 ,支持非常大量的数据存储（吉数量级或更多） ,保持数据的安全， 免于事故和未经授权的使用；对查询和数据修改，允许有效的数据存储 。 4.对许多用户进行的数据存取进行迅速控制，不允许一个用户的使用影响其它用户，也不允许偶然发生的同时数据存取破坏数据。 第一批商务数据库管理系统出现在 60 年代后期。它们是从文件系统发展来的，文件系统存储长时间以来的数据，也允许大量数据的存储 。事物处理管理器部件负责系统的综合。它必须确保一些同时运行的查询不会彼此干 扰 ,还有即使出现系统故障也不会丢
12、失数据。它与查询管理器交互工作，因为其必须知道目前查询运行的是什么样的数据，而且可 能需要延迟一些查询或操作以便不会出现冲 突。它与存储器交互工作 ,因为数据的保护方案通常包括对数据修改记录的存储。通过 适当的排序操作，记录段回包括修改的记录 ,以便当系统出现故障后，这些还没有影响 到磁盘的修改可以重新执行 。 修改是对数据改变大操作。像查询一样 ,它们可以通过一般的接口发布，也可通过应用程序接口进行。规划修改是关于一些指令的，这些指令通常是由授权的个人有时称作数据库管理员来发布的，数据库管理员可以改变数据库的规划或者建立新的数据库。在简单 的数据库系统中，存储管理器可能只不过是操作系统的文件系统。然而 ,为 了效率的目的， DBMS 通常直接控制在磁盘上的存储 ， 至少在某些情况下。存储管理器包括两个部分，即缓冲管理器和文件管理器。查询管理器的作用是将一个查询或者数据库操作，这些可能是用高级方式来表示，转变为用于存储的一系列请求。
