1、I 12.外文翻译 1. The mold designing and manufacturing The mold is the manufacturing industry important craft foundation, in our country, the mold manufacture belongs to the special purpose equipment manufacturing industry. China although very already starts to make the mold and the use mold, but long-te
2、rm has not formed the industry. Straight stabs 0 centuries 80s later periods, the Chinese mold industry only then drives into the development speedway. Recent years, not only the state-owned mold enterprise had the very big development, the three investments enterprise, the villages and towns (indiv
3、idual) the mold enterprises development also rapid quietly. Although the Chinese mold industrial development rapid, but compares with the demand, obviously falls short of demand, its main gap concentrates precisely to, large-scale, is complex, the long life mold domain. As a result of in aspect and
4、so on mold precision, life, manufacture cycle and productivity, China and the international average horizontal and the developed country still had a bigger disparity, therefore, needed massively to import the mold every year . The Chinese mold industry must continue to sharpen the productivity, from
5、 now on will have emphatically to the profession internal structure adjustment and the state-of-art enhancement. The structure adjustment aspect, mainly is the enterprise structure to the specialized adjustment, the product structure to center the upscale mold development, to the import and export s
6、tructure improvement, center the upscale automobile cover mold forming analysis and the structure improvement, the multi-purpose compound mold and the compound processing and the laser technology in the mold design manufacture application, the high-speed cutting, the super finishing and polished the
7、 technology, the information direction develops . The recent years, the mold profession structure adjustment and the organizational reform step enlarges, mainly displayed in, large-scale, precise, was complex, the long life, center the upscale mold and the mold standard letter development speed is h
8、igher than the common mold product； The plastic mold and the compression II casting mold proportion increases； Specialized mold factory quantity and its productivity increase； The three investments and the private enterprise develops rapidly； The joint stock system transformation step speeds up and
9、so on. Distributes from the area looked, take Zhejiang Delta and Yangtze River delta as central southeast coastal area development quickly to mid-west area, south development quickly to north. At present develops quickest, the mold produces the most centralized province is Guangdong and Zhejiang, pl
10、aces such as Jiangsu, Shanghai, Anhui and Shandong also has a bigger development in recent years. 1.模具设计与制造 模具是制造业的重要工艺基础，在我国模具制造属于专用设备制造业。中国虽然很早就开始制造模具和使用模具，但长期未形成产业。直到 20 世纪80 年代后期，中国模具工业才驶入发展的快车道。近年，不仅国有模具企业有了很大发展，三资企业、乡镇（个体）模具企业的发展也相当迅速。 虽然中国模具工业发展迅速，但与需求相比，显然供不应求，其主要缺口集中于精密、大型、复杂、长寿命模具领域。由于在模具精
11、度、寿命、制造周期及生产能力等方面，中国与国际平均水平和发达国家仍有较大差距，因此，每年需要大量 进口模具。 中国模具产业除了要继续提高生产能力，今后更要着重于行业内部结构的调整和技术发展水平的提高。结构调整方面，主要是企业结构向专业化调整，产品结构向着中高档模具发展，向进出口结构的改进，中高档汽车覆盖件模具成形分析及结构改进、多功能复合模具和复合加工及激光技术在模具设计制造上的应用、高速切削、超精加工及抛光技术、信息化方向发展。 近年，模具行业结构调整和体制改革步伐加大，主要表现在，大型、精密、复杂、长寿命、中高档模具及模具标准件发展速度高于一般模具产品；塑料模和压铸模比例增大；专 业模具厂
12、数量及其生产能力增加； “三资 ”及私营企业发展迅速；股份制改造步伐加快等。从地区分布来看，以珠江三角洲和长江三角洲为中心的东南沿海地区发展快于中西部地区，南方的发展快于北方。目前发展最快、模具生产最为集中的省份是广东和浙江，江苏、上海、安徽和山东等地近几年也有较大发展。 2. Mold Present Status of Technology III Technical level of Chinas mold industry currently uneven, with wide disparities generally speaking, with the developed ind
13、ustrial countries, Hong Kong and Taiwan advanced level, there is a large gap. The use of CAD / CAM / CAE / CAPP and other technical design and manufacture molds, either wide application, or technical level, there is a big gap between both. In the application of CAD technology design molds, only abou
14、t 10% of the mold used in the design of CAD, aside from drawing board still has a long way to go； in the application of CAE design and analysis of mold calculation, it was just started, most of the game is still in trial stages and animation； in the application of CAM technology manufacturing molds,
15、 first, the lack of advanced manufacturing equipment, and second, the existing process equipment (including the last 10 years the introduction of advanced equipment) or computer standard (IBM PC and compatibles, HP workstations, etc.) different, or because of differences in bytes, processing speed d
16、ifferences, differences in resistance to electromagnetic interference, networking is low, only about 5% of the mold manufacturing equipment of recent work in this task； in the application process planning CAPP technology, basically a blank state, based on the need for a lot of standardization work；
17、in the mold common technology, such as mold rapid prototyping technology, polishing, electroforming technologies, surface treatment technology aspects of CAD / CAM technology in China has just started. Computer-aided technology, software development, is still at low level, the accumulation of knowle
18、dge and experience required. Most of our mold factory, mold processing equipment shop old, long in the length of civilian service, accuracy, low efficiency, still use the ordinary forging, turning, milling, planning, drilling, grinding and processing equipment, mold, heat treatment is still in use s
19、alt bath, box-type furnace, operating with the experience of workers, poorly equipped, high energy consumption. Renewal of equipment is slow, technological innovation； technological progress is not much intensity. Although in recent years introduced many advanced mold processing equipment, but are too scattered, or not complete, only about 25% utilization, equipment, some of the advanced functions are not given full play.
