1、英文参考文献及翻译 Linux - Operating system of cybertimes Though for a lot of people , regard Linux as the main operating system to make up huge work station group, finish special effects of Titanic make , already can be regarded as and show talent fully. But for Linux, this only numerous news one of. Recent
2、ly, the manufacturers concerned have announced that support the news of Linux to increase day by day, users enthusiasm to Linux runs high unprecedentedly too. Then, Linux only have operating system not free more than on earth on 7 year this piece what glamour, get the favors of such numerous importa
3、nt software and hardware manufacturers as the masses of users and Orac le , Informix , HP , Sybase , Corel , Intel , Netscape , Dell ,etc. , OK? 1.The background of Linux and characteristic Linux is a kind of free (Free ) software : What is called free, mean users can obtain the procedure and source
4、 code freely , and can use them freely , including revise or copy etc. It is a result of cybertimes, numerous technical staff finish its research and development together through Inte rnet, countless user is it test and except fault , can add user expansion function that oneself make conveniently to
5、 participate in. As the most outstanding one in free software, Linux has characteristic of the following: (1)Totally follow POSLX standard, expand the network operating system of supporting all AT&T and BSD Unix characteristic. Because of inheritting Unix outstanding design philosophy , and there ar
6、e clean , stalwart , high-efficient and steady kernels, their all key codes are finished by Li nus Torvalds and other outstanding programmers, without any Unix code of AT&T or Berkeley, so Linu x is not Unix, but Linux and Unix are totally compatible. (2)Real many tasks, multi-users system, the buil
7、t-in network supports, can be with such seamless links as NetWare , Windows NT , OS/2 , Unix ,etc. Network in various kinds of Unix it tests to be fastest in comparing and assess efficiency. Support such many kinds of files systems as FAT16 , FAT32 , NTFS , Ex t2FS , ISO9600 ,etc. at the same time .
8、 (3) Can operate it in many kinds of hardwares platform , including such processors as Alpha , SunSparc , PowerPC , MIPS ,etc., to various kinds of new-type peripheral hardwares, can from distribute on global numerous programmer there getting support rapidly too. (4) To that the hardware requires lo
9、wer, can obtain very good performance on more low-grade machine , what deserves particular mention is Linux outstanding stability , permitted year count often its running times. 2.Main application of Linux At present, Now, the application of Linux mainly includes: (1) Internet/Intranet: This is one
10、that Linux was used most at present, it can offer and include Web server , all such Inter net services as Ftp server , Gopher server , SMTP/POP3 mail server , Proxy/Cache server , DNS server ,etc. Linux kernel supports IPalias , PPP and IPtunneling, these functions can be used for setting up fictiti
11、ous host computer , fictitious service , VPN (fictitious special-purpose network ) ,etc. Operating Apache Web server on Linux mainly, the occupation rate of market in 1998 is 49%, far exceeds the sum of such several big companies as Microsoft , Netscape ,etc. (2) Because Linux has outstanding networ
12、king ability , it can be usedin calculating distributedly large-scaly, for instance cartoon making , scientific caculation , database and file server ,etc. (3) As realization that is can under low platform fullness of Unix that operate , apply at all levels teaching and research work of universities
13、 and colleges extensively, if Mexico government announce middle and primary schools in the whole country dispose Linux and offer Internet service for student already. (4) Tabletop and handling official business appliedly. Application number of people of in this respect at present not so good as Wind
14、ows of Microsoft far also, reason its lie in Lin ux quantity , desk-top of application software not so good as Windows application far not merely, because the characteristic of the freedom software makes it not almost have advertisement that support (though the function of Star Office is not second
15、to MS Office at the same time, but there are actually few people knowing). 3.Can Linux become a kind of major operating system? In the face of the pressure of coming from users that is strengthened day by day, more and more commercial companies transplant its application to Linux platform, comparati
16、vely important incident was as follows, in 1998 Compaq and HP determine to put forward user of requirement truss up Linux at their servers , IBM and Dell promise to offer customized Linux system to user too. Lotus announce, Notes the next edition include one special-purpose edition in Linux. Corel C
17、ompany transplants its famous WordPerfect to on Linux, and free issue. Corel also plans to move the other figure pattern process products to Linux platform completely. Main database producer: Sybase , Informix , Oracle , CA , IBM have already been transplanted ones own database products to on Linux,
18、 or has finished Beta edition, among them Oracle and Informix also offer technical support to their products. 4.The gratifying one is, some farsighted domestic corporations have begun to try hard to change this kind of current situation already. Stone Co. not long ago is it invest a huge sum of mone
19、y to claim , regard Linux as platform develop a Internet/Intranet solution, regard this as the core and launch Stones system integration business , plan to set up nationwide Linux technical support organization at the same time , take the lead to promote the freedom software application and developm
20、ent in China. In addition domestic computer Company , person who win of China , devoted to Linux relevant software and hardware application of system popularize too. Is it to intensification that Linux know , will have more and more enterprises accede to the ranks that Linux will be used with domest
21、ic every enterprise to believe, more software will be planted in Linux platform. Meanwhile, the domestic university should regard Linux as the original version and upgrade already existing Unix content of courses , start with analysing the source code and revising the kernel and train a large number of senior Linux talents, improve our countrys own operating system. Having only really grasped the operating system, the software industry of our country could be got rid of and aped sedulously at present, the passive state led by the nose by
