1、 毕业设计（论文）外文资料翻译 外文出处： Atomation Professional English Course （用外文写） Pressed By Machinery Industry Press 附 件： 1、外文原文； 2、外文资料翻译译文。 1、 外文原文（复印件 ） A: Fundamentals of Single-chip Microcomputer Th e si n gle - chip m icr o com pu t er i s th e cul min atio n o f b oth t he d ev el opm ent o f th e di git a
2、l co mp ut er an d th e in t egr at ed cir cui t argu abl y t h e t o w m os t s i gni fi can t in vent io ns o f the 20 th cent u r y 1 . Th es e t ow t yp es o f ar chit ect u r e are f ou nd i n s in gl e - ch ip m icr o com pu t er. S om e emp lo y t h e sp lit p r o gr am/ d at a m em o r y o f
3、 th e H ar vard ar chi t ectu r e, s ho w n in Fi g. 3 -5A-1 , other s f oll o w th e ph ilo so ph y, w i d el y ad apt ed fo r gen er al - p u rp os e com put er s and mi cr op ro cess or s , o f m aki n g n o l o gical dis tin ctio n b etw een pr o gr am an d d at a m em or y as i n th e Pr in cet
4、 on ar chi t ectu r e, s ho w n in Fi g. 3 -5A-2. In gen er al t erms a si n gl e - ch ip mi cr o comp ut er is ch aract eriz ed b y t h e i n co r po r ati on of al l th e un its o f a co mp ut er i nt o a si ngl e d evi ce , as s ho w n i n Fi g3 -5A-3. Fig.3-5A-1 A Harvard type Fig.3-5A-2. A conv
5、entional Princeton computer Program memory Data memory CPU Input& Output unit memory CPU Input& Output unit Reset Interrupts Power Fig3-5A-3. Principal features of a microcomputer Read only memory (ROM).R O M i s us uall y f o r the p erm an ent, non- vo l atil e st o r age o f an ap pl icatio ns p
6、r o gr am . M an y mi cro com put er s an d m icr o co nt ro ll ers are int end ed f or h i gh - v ol um e appl i cati on s a nd h en ce t h e eco no mi cal m an uf act ur e o f th e d evi ces r eq ui r es th at t h e co nt ents o f th e p r o gr am m emo r y b e commi tt ed p erm anen tl y d u r in
7、 g t h e m an u f actu r e o f chi ps . Cl earl y, t hi s imp li es a ri go r ou s app ro ach t o R O M co d e d ev elo pm en t sin ce ch an ges can no t b e m ad e af t er manu f act u re . T his d ev elo pm ent p ro ces s m ay i nv ol ve em ul at io n u si n g a so ph ist icated dev el opm ent s y
8、s tem w it h a h ard w ar e em ul ati on cap abili ty as w ell as th e us e o f po w er ful s o ft war e t oo ls . S om e m an uf actu r ers p r ov id e add iti on al R OM o pti on s b y i n cl ud in g i n th ei r r an ge d evices w it h (o r in t en ded fo r us e wit h) u ser p ro gr am m abl e m e
9、m o r y. T h e sim ples t of t h es e is u su al l y d ev i ce wh ich can op er at e in a m icr op r ocess o r m od e b y u s in g som e of th e in pu t/o ut put li n es as an add r es s an d d at a bu s f o r acces sin g ex t ern al mem or y. T h is t yp e o f d ev i ce can b eh av e f u n cti on a
10、l l y as t h e s in gl e chi p mi cro com pu ter f rom w hi ch i t is d eri v ed al beit w it h r es t ri ct ed I/ O an d a m odi fi ed ex ter n al ci r cu it. Th e us e o f th es e R OM l ess d evi ces is comm on ev en in pr o du ct io n ci r cuit s w h er e th e v olu me d o es n ot ju sti f y t h
11、 e d ev elo pm en t co st s o f cust om o n -chi p R OM 2 ；t her e can s til l be a si gni fi cant s avin g in I/ O an d o th er chi ps com p ared t o a co nv enti on al mi crop r o cess o r b as ed circu it. Mo r e ex act r ep l acem ent f or R OM d evi ces can b e o bt ai n ed in t h e fo r m of v
12、 ar i an ts w ith pi ggy - b ack E PR OM (E r asabl e pr o gr amm ab l e R O M ) s o ck et s o r devi ces w ith E PRO M i nst ead o f R OM 。 T h es e d evi ces ar e nat ur all y m o r e ex p en si v e t h an External Timing components System clock Timer/ Counter Serial I/O Prarallel I/O RAM ROM CPU
