1、英文翻译 Single-chip components To auto-complete single-chip basis, it should be the most important part of what it? Calculated as an example we calculate on an abacus math problems together. Cases: 36 +163 156-166 34. Now to carry out operations, first of all need a plan, followed by Pen and paper. We
2、have to calculate the issue of record, and then count the first step, 163 156, add it with the results of 36 recorded in the paper, and then calculate 166 34, then it results from a minus, it has been the final outcome. Now, we use single-chip to complete the process, it is clear that it should be i
3、nstead of thinking first of all the components for computing, which is the calculator； Secondly, there must be able to play the role of devices, which can remember the original subject, the raw data and intermediate results, but also remember to enable single-chip operation can be automatically prep
4、ared by the various orders. These devices called memory. In addition, the need to replace the role of the controller, it will be in accordance with an order prior to issuing various control signals so that the whole process can be calculated step by step manner. However, this three-part light enough
5、, the original data and commands to be input, the results of the calculation to the output, are required by the order in which they sometimes need to wait. The first step: the first number from its storage unit (Location) in the check out to the computing device. Step two: the second number from its
6、 storage unit in the check out to the computing device； the third step: add； fourth step: End the sum of the results to the specified memory unit. All of these take a number, send a few, the sum of deposit, etc. are a few operations (Operation), we asked the computer to operate with the implementati
7、on of the various forms of writing down the order, which is instruction. But how can we identify them and to perform these operations? This is a single chip in the design by the designers of the instruction given to it by decision. A command, corresponding to a basic operation； single chip can imple
8、ment all the commands, the command is the single-chip system (Iustruction Set), different types of single-chip, and its command system is also different. The use of single-chip, the prior should be the problem to be solved into a series of commands. These instructions must be selected to identify an
9、d implement single-chip instructions. Single-chip customers to solve their own problems by the instructions for the procedure, known as source code (Source Program). Usually divided into opcode instruction (Opcode) and operand (Operand) of two major parts. Operation of the computer code that the imp
10、lementation of any operation, that is, the function of command； operand that participate in the operation or operand address is located (that is, the operand stored in the local code). Because the single chip is a programmable device, only recognize the binary code (0,1). Operation to single-chip, s
11、ingle-chip microcomputer system in all directions, must be the form of binary code to represent. For example, in Intels MCS-51 series single-chip, from a number of memory out of the accumulator to the CPU (in the computing device, the participation in computing, computing the results of the dedicate
12、d storage registers) for the command code 74H , an immediate increase in the number of accumulator the contents of the code for the 24H, together with the number of code immediately, send the number of accumulator to the internal RAM memory for the code, such as F6H F7H. These instructions are binar
13、y hexadecimal binary. MCS-51 MCU 8-bit word length, and sometimes, it is necessary to complete a certain operation can not be fully expressed bytes. Therefore, in the instruction in single-byte instruction, but also a number of byte instructions. By a series of binary 0 and 1 components, there is no
14、 obvious characteristics, poor memory, difficult to understand and easy to make mistakes. Therefore, the direct use of it is very difficult to write procedures. Thus, people with some Mnemonic (Mue monic) - usually the command function to replace the English abbreviation opcode, such as the MCS-51 i
15、n the transmission of several commonly used MOV (Move the acronym), add with Add (Addition of abbreviations ) as a mnemonic. In this way, there are clear instructions for each action features, ease of memory and understanding, not prone to error. Mnemonic used to prepare the process is called assemb
16、ly language program. However, Mnemonic prepared to facilitate understanding of the process can be recognized only single-chip binary machine code, so, in order to allow single-chip can understand the assembly language program must then be replaced by a procedure consisting of binary machine code, wh
17、ich species of the conversion process, known as compilation. Compiled through manual look-up table method can be achieved, we will draw on PC machine through the so-called cross-assembler to complete. Posed by the user program binary, once the enter a single-chip, and then start single-chip, it can
18、enter the process to implement the mandate. MCU - 51 CPU and memory 8051 single-chip CPU and the controller by the composition operator. 8051 single-chip CPU and the controller by the composition operator. A calculator to complete the binary calculator arithmetic / logic operations as the core compo
19、nents ALU, registers plus TMP, accumulator ACC, register B, the procedures state symbol and Boolean processor PSW register. ACC is an eight accumulator register, which is working CPU registers the most frequent. In arithmetic, logic operations, the accumulator ACC are in operation before the operati
20、on a number of temporary (such as being summand), and computing and then save the results (such as algebra and). Register B major operation for multiplication and division. PSW register is also a mark of eight registers, used to store the results of some of the characteristics of computing, if not b
21、inary, such as by-bit. Its specific meaning of each are shown below. PSW CY AC FO RS1 RS0 OV - P to users, the most concerned about is the following four.1 binary symbol CY (PSW 7). It expressed whether the binary operation (or borrow). If the operation results in the highest places are binary (addi
22、tion) or borrow (subtraction), the bit is 1, otherwise to 0. 2 auxiliary binary symbol AC. Also known as semi-binary logo, it reflects the number of two eight computing whether there is a half low of four binary, that is, the sum of low-four (or minus) it has binary (or borrow) and, if the AC for 1
23、state, otherwise to 0. 3 overflow flag OV. MCS-51 to reflect the number of operator symbols with the results of whether there is any overflow, the overflow, this bit is 1, otherwise to 0. 4 parity symbol P. Reflect the content of accumulator ACC parity, if the ACC results of computing even a 1 (for
24、example, 11001100B, including 4 1), then P is 0, otherwise, P = 1. PSW other places, will be introduced at a later stage. PSW stored procedures as a result of the implementation of the state, it is also called the program status word? Calculator also includes a by-bit (bit) to carry out logic operations of the logic
