1、 毕业 论文 外文资料翻译 题 目 交互式设计 ： 信息时代的工业设计 学 院 专 业 班 级 学 生 学 号 指导教师 二一 年 三 月 二十三 日 - 1 - INTERACTION DESIGN: Industrial Design in the Information Age Elaine Ann Director, Kaizor Innovation Abstract: This paper introduces a newly developed discipline in the U.S. and Europe: Interaction Design. As we enter t
2、he Information Age, products are no longer only electrical and mechanical, but also include computing and networked capability. Designing products highly interactive in nature becomes much more complex than before going beyond the traditional realm of Industrial Design. Moreover, the fundamental def
3、inition of a product is being challenged and requires a fundamental shift in thinking as well as new work methods. How people interact with products, systems or environments and its social and cultural impact is what Interaction Design is concerned about. Keywords: Interaction design, user experienc
4、e, networked products, interdisciplinary, industrial design. 1 Introduction Traditional products are mechanical and electrical like toasters, shavers, walkmans etc. With todays increased computing power, miniaturized chips and the advent of the Internet, this drastically alters the meaning of tradit
5、ional products. Industrial Design has always dealt with how people interact with things, designing for a products form factor, ergonomics, psychonomics etc. Computing and networked products introduces a new dimension of interactivity beyond with its physical form, but extends to the digital arena. N
6、ow that most products are embedded computing with complex interaction, what should industrial designers design in the information and digital age? How should industrial designers innovate for these new breeds of products? 2 Product nature redefined in the Information Age 2.1 Products are software dr
7、iven Traditional products are mainly physical in nature and design constrains are governed by principles of physics and mechanics. Today, many products are in fact microcomputers in disguise with computing capability storing more than 40GBs of digital information and ever increasing processing speed
8、. Products become hybrid in nature with both hardware and software components. For example: traditional walkmans have evolved into digital MP3 music players, mechanical cameras into digital cameras, cordless phones into cellular phones etc. What defines a product is not so much dependent on the hard
9、ware when a products function resides more in its software capability. (Figure 1) - 2 - 2.2 Products are networked Moreover, with the advent of the Internet, products can be networked and digital information stored in products can be transferred and shared. Examples of such are sending SMS messages
10、between cellular phones, syncing contact information from a PDA to the desktop computer and downloading music from the web to an MP3 player. Products are no longer standalone objects but systems of highly dependent interacting components. As one of the prominent industrial design events in the U.S.
11、IDSA DesignAbout: Interactive Edges summarizes: We can no longer think about products as isolated objects that are designed, produced and inserted into peoples lives, nor can we think about products consisting of hardware design and software design. Hardware and software need to become one, and prod
12、ucts need to be thought of as part of a bigger system of objects and spaces. 1 3 What is Interaction Design? The field of Interaction Design is at its early infancy and has only been around for the past decade or so. Since the birth of computing, designing computing systems has mainly been the role
13、of software engineers. Parallel to the field of architecture, civil engineers focus on designing the structure of the building while architects design how people live within that structure； in the world of computing, software engineers ensures the robustness of the software while interaction designe
14、rs design how people interact with computing systems and products, The concept of computers used to be desktop computing, however as technology advances, computers evolve beyond the desktop PC and permeates into every aspect of our lives. Computers take the shape and form of everyday consumer electr
15、onic appliances such as MP3 players, car navigation systems to internet fridges. Thus the notion of designing for computer screen interfaces is no longer adequate. This is where Interaction Design crosses over to the field of Industrial Design. The term Interaction was originally coined by Bill Morr
16、idge, founder of IDEO and it describes the design of the behavior of products, its task flow and structure of information, making technology usable, understandable and pleasant for people to use. As Irene McAra-McWilliam, a forerunner of the interaction design field describes, Interaction designers
17、have to understand people, how they experience things, how they themselves interact, and how they learn. 2 4 Relationship between Industrial Design and Interaction Design As products nature evolves, so does the role of its creators. Industrial designers role in product development has been designing
18、 the form factor and ergonomics of objects. A design project usually starts with a design brief of mechanisms and electronics required of the product design. And the industrial designer generates different physical form factors and styles suitable for the user and target market. Much of this is chan
19、ging with the emerging new types of hybrid-networked products. First, with software as an integral part of the products user experience, industrial designers can no longer design the hardware independent of the software experience. A button pushed on the hardware can trigger a screen display and without close integration between hardware and software design, the users experience will be a frustrating one. Secondly, skills required of designers today are beyond form making. The challenge that many corporations are facing is not what technology can
