1、Switching Power Supply Development Track Development of switching power supply (Review Xuanlan) switching power supply (hereinafter referred to switch power) to replace the linear regulator power transistors (hereinafter referred to the linear power) has 30 years of history, is the earliest the seri
2、es switching power supply, its main Linear power supply topologies and similar, but the power transistor to switch to a later state PWM (PWM) control techniques have been developed for the control switch converters, by PWM switching power supply, it is characterized by using 20 kHz frequency or puls
3、e PWM a PWM switching power supply efficiency is about 65 to 70 percent, while the efficiency of linear power only 30 of a 40 per cent. In the event of the worlds energy crisis, caused people to a wide range of customs. Linear power supply works in the frequency, the frequency used for the 20 kHZ th
4、e PWM switching power supply alternatives, could significantly conserve energy and power technology in the history of the development called 20 kHZ revolution. With ULSI chip size decreases, the size and power is much greater than the microprocessor； spacecraft, submarines, military power and switch
5、 the batteries used portable electronic devices (such as mobile computers, mobile phones, etc.) need more small , Lightweight power. Hence the switch to power a small light requirements, including magnetic components and capacitors the size of small weight. In addition switching power supply require
6、ments to higher efficiency, better performance, reliability, and so on. Chinas switching power supply from Chinas history of the development process of switching power supply can understand the international development of a switching power supply side, although generally speaking, Chinas level of t
7、echnological development with the international advanced level in an average of 5 to 10 gap. 1970s, I join in black and white TV sets, small and medium-sized computer in the beginning of 5 V ,20-200A, 20kHZ AC-DC switching power supply. 1980s into mass production and extensive application stage and
8、Development of 0.5 5 MHz quasi-resonant soft-switching power supply. In the 1980s, Chinas communications (such as the switch-Note) in the AC-DC power supply and DC-DC switching power supply in the area of application is still relatively low proportion of six. The end of the 1980s large-scale upgradi
9、ng of Chinas communication power, the traditional ferromagnetic regulator - Rectifier and SCR (Thyristor, formerly known as SCR components) Phased power supply for high-power (48 V, 6kw) AC-DC Switching Power Supply (often referred to as communications systems switch Rectifier SMR) by substituting,
10、and started in the office automation equipment in the applications. Industrial applications, in the boiler flame control, protection, laser, color TV, the filament-emission current regulation, ion-injection machine, Luwu Deng control systems in both applications. The 1990s, Chinas also developed a n
11、umber of new non-clearance for power, the typical examples are as follows: 1. Satellite switching power supply. The East is Red on the 3rd communication satellite, Fengyun 1, 2 meteorological satellite applications are the switching power supply. Features: Multi-output, non-maintenance, long-term re
12、quirements do not change the performance, set up redundant modules, high reliability, EMC meet the space environment conditions, high efficiency, small light. 2 long-range rocket control system for DC-DC switching power supply to launch the process of highly reliable. 3 1000kW traction converter 450
13、0 V/1200A GTO gated 250 W switching power supply. 4 40kW solid pulse laser soft switching power supply. 10 kw with four more resonant full bridge ZVS converters parallel. 5. Welder double-IGBT forward to the voltage conversion for a pulse modulation (ZVT-PWM) soft switching power supply. Output 20 k
14、W, 500A, switching frequency of 40 kHZ, the efficiency of 92%. Is characterized by frequent changes in the scope of the load, poor working environment. Impact on the current power demand, dynamic characteristics, and no overshoot, load affecting soft-switch nature. 6. Substation in the current opera
15、ting system switching power supply. For the protection and automatic devices and battery charging. Surge instead of SCR system, the output 10 A, 180 286V. Main switch IGBT or effective power MOSFET. 7. Single-phase and three-phase rectifier high power factor (with the number of active power correcti
16、on). One can see that 20 of 30, Chinas switching power supply applications and technical performance of great progress, and the family foundation is closely related to industry and enhance the national strength, and international advanced technology affecting the power switch. China fully demonstrat
17、ed the power of talent and technical personnel of the entrepreneurial spirit of arduous struggle. In the 1990s, small and medium-sized (500 W below) AC-DC and DC-DC switching power supply is characterized by: high frequency of (switching frequency of 300-400 kHZ) to achieve high power density, a sma
18、ll amount of light； to efficient and reliable； Low-cost, low output voltage ( 3 V； AC input with a few high-power, etc. In the next five years will continue along these directions. Main technical marks from a technical perspective, for several decades to promote switching power supply performance an
19、d constantly improve the technological level This should mark is: 1. A new high-frequency power semiconductor devices to achieve the development of high-frequency switching power supply may have. IGBT such as power MOSFET and has been fully replace the power transistor and SCR, so that small and med
20、ium-sized switch power 下作 Frequency of up to 400 kHZ (AC-DC) and 1 MHZ (DC-DC) level. Ultrafast restore power diode, MOSF ET asked further rectification technology for the development of efficient low-voltage output (for example, 3 V) switching power supply for a possible . Are now exploring the dev
21、elopment of high-performance high temperature carbonation power to block conductor devices 2. Soft-switch technology enables efficient high-frequency converter with the realization may be. PWM switching power supply switch-mode by hard work (on / off process BU voltage drop / rise and the current ri
22、se / fall waveform is overlap), thus the switching losses. High-frequency switching power supply can reduce the volume of weight, but switching losses are greater (power and frequency is directly proportional). So we must Switching on power than / current wave of cross more technology, the so-called
23、 zero-voltage (ZVS) / the current (ZCS) switching technology, or soft-switch technology (as opposed to PWM switching technology in terms of hardware), the small soft-switching power supply efficiency Can be increased to 80 a 85 per cent. 1970s, switching power supply market was soft-switch technolog
24、y laid the foundation. After the new soft-switch technology will continue to emerge, such as the quasi-resonant (1980s) full-bridge phase-shift ZVS-PWM, constant frequency ZVS -PWM/ZCS-PWM (80 in the late) ZVS-PWM active clamp； ZVT-PWM/ZCT-PWM (90 in the early) full-bridge phase-shift ZV-ZCS-PWM (90
25、 years), and so on. China has The latest soft-switching technology to 6 Kw power of communication, efficiency up to 93% 3. Control Technology progress. Such as the current control and multi-loop control, load control, a cycle control, power factor control, DSP control, and the corresponding private
26、Integrated control of the successful development of the chip, so that switching power supply has greatly improved dynamic performance, the circuit also greatly simplified 4. Active Power Mission of Correction (APFC) the development, improve the AC-DC switching power supply power factor. Due to the i
27、mportation Rectification of a capacitor-a device, AC-DC switching power supply and a large class of the rectifier power supply electronic equipment (such as inverters, UPS), and so the power grid measuring only a few corporations with the APFC 0.65,80 technology can improve To 0.95 to 0.99, both the
28、 management of the power grid harmonic pollution and also improve the overall efficiency of the power switch. APFC is a single-phase DC-DC converter topology and power factor control of specific applications, while the three-phase APFC Three-Phase PWM switch is rectifier topology and control technol
29、ogy with 5. Magnetic components of new magnetic materials and the development of a new transformer. Such as integrated magnetic circuit, the plane Cores, ultra-thin (Low profile) transformer and a new transformer such as piezoelectric , No Cores printed circuit (PCB) transformer, so that the power s
30、witch can reduce the size of the weight of many 6. Capacitors and EMI filter new advances in technology, so that small switching power supply and improve the performance of EMC 7. Micro-processing For monitoring and switching power supply system of internal communication technology applications, imp
31、rove the reliability of the power system. The late 1990s and made a new switching power supply of research and development, this is also the new century vision for the development of switching power supply. Such as: an AC - DC converter or regulator to achieve steady flow, and a power factor correct
32、ion feature, known as single-level (SingleSwitch Single Stage) or 4 S high power factor AC-DC converter output 1 V, 50A of the low-voltage high-current DC-DC converters, also known as voltage regulator module VRM, to adapt to the next generation of ultra-fast microprocessor power supply needs of mul
33、ti-channel (Multi-Channel or Multi-Phase) DC-DC converter； web server (Server) The switching power supply to be a portable electronic equipment such as the high-frequency switching power supply. More than a brief review of the process of switching power supply development and the performance. I believe the 21st century, the power switch theory and technology development will have a more brilliant achievements , I hope this message of the cross-century youth power experts.
