1、 本科毕业论文（设计） 外文翻译 外文题目 The Crisis of Professional EducationAre Employers Worried About It？ 外文出处 Russian Educaition&Society； Apr2009， Vol.51 Issue4， p50-67,18p， 5Charts 外文作 者 Krasil nikove， Marina 原文 ： 题目： The Crisis of ProfessionalEducation Are EmployersWorried About It? 作者： Krasilnikova, Marina 正文 ：
2、 An analysis of survey data on Russian employers attitudes toward the problems of the training and selection of professional employees shows that enterprise managers have less and less interest in cooperating with the system of professional education. Ever since the start of the national project, th
3、e problem of improving the system of education, and in particular the subsystem of professional education, has acquired the status of a top state priority in Russia. Critical remarks addressed to the system of professional cadre training have become a tradition； the shortage of qualified personnel,
4、both in the direct sense and in terms of the quality of the training, is mentioned both by managers of enterprises and by experts. At the same time, the rise in wages and salaries that has been the norm for the past few years has led to statements that the labor market in Russia is overheated, and t
5、hat is practically impossible for an employer to find suitable personnel. The results of monitoring surveys of the economics of educationin the past few years，in particular surveys of employers regarding problems of the professional training of cadres, have painted a picture that is less sensational
6、 and frightening. The data show that although employers have been unanimous in their assertion that there is a great need to improve the professional training of cadres, the practical activity of enterprise managers toward organizing things along these lines is not active, a sign that the problem is
7、 of relatively little urgency. A major portion of employers who provide employment for a substantial percentage of hired personnel continue to remain the passive consumers of the services provided by the system of professional education. For the most part, employers are not oriented toward the selec
8、tive approach when it comes to evaluating the quality and professionalism of graduates of educational institutions； when they do hire them, they give unquestionable preference to the previous professional experience and personal qualities of the candidates, and also to their own in-house ratings of
9、a workers fitness. A more active position when it comes to cooperating with the system of education is to be noted on the part of the largest and most dynamically developing enterprises, although in this segment as well there are no discernible fundamentally different approachesto the problems of pr
10、ofessional cadre training. Three surveys of employers have been carried out, and in the monitoring sample a substantial number of interviews have been accumulated with the managers of the same enterprises that took part in all three waves of the study. An analysis of the dynamics of the opinions of
11、the managers in this ongoing repeat sample of enterprises makes it possible to determine reliably whether the behavior of the employers in the labor market is changing in connection with the worsening of the problem of the recruitment of qualified professional cadres, and if so, just how it is chang
12、ing. Are particular changes in the position taken by the employers connected with the dynamics of the development of the enterprise itself? How do the employers react to that shortage of qualified labor power, which, in the opinion of experts, could soon put a brake on progress along the way to the
13、countrys development? The initial hypothesis assumes that there is a connection between the character of an employers behavior in the labor market and the dynamics of the development of the enterprise that he is in charge of: the expectation is that in a competitive labor market the managers of the
14、enterprises that are the most successful have an advantage when it comes to the selection of manpower. What does such an advantage consist of, and how is it exploited? In order to study this connection, an analysis was made with the focus on a group of enterprises that differ in terms of the direction of their
