1、本科毕业设计（论文） 外 文 翻 译 原文： EPAs Budget for FY 2009 The President s budget request for fiscal year (FY) 2009 provides EPA with $7.1 billion in discretionary funds to support a wide variety of programs designed to protect human health and the environment. This represents a 1% decrease from EPAs enacted bu
2、dget for FY 2008. Details of EPA s budget are presented in a publication released in February 2008 titled FY 2009 EPA Budget in Brief (EPA- 205-S-08-001). Budget Supports EPAs Goals EPA has identified five long-term, strategic goals that define the agency s planning, budgeting, analysis, and account
3、ability processes. The FY 2009 budget is designed to address these goals, as follows: 1. Clean air and global climate change Protect and improve the air so it is healthy to breathe and risks to human health and the environment are reduced, and reduce greenhouse gas intensity by enhancing partnership
4、s with businesses and other sectors. 2. Clean and safe water Ensure drinking water is safe, restore and maintain oceans, watersheds, and their aquatic ecosystems to protect human health and support economic and recreational activities； and provide healthy habitat for fish, plants, and wildlife. 3. L
5、and preservation and restoration Preserve and restore the land by using innovative waste management practices and cleaning up contaminated properties to reduce risks posed by releases of harmful substances. 4. Healthy communities and ecosystems Protect, sustain, or restore the health of people, comm
6、unities, and ecosystems using integrated and comprehensive approaches and partnerships. 5. Compliance and environmental stewardship Improve environmental performance through compliance with environmental requirements, preventing pollution, and promoting environmental stewardship. Protect human healt
7、h and the environment by encouraging innovation, and by providing incentives for governments, businesses, and the public that promote environmental stewardship. FY 2009 Budget EPA s FY 2009 total budget is $7.143 billion. The funds have been allocated between the agency s five goals as follows: Goal
8、 1 13.1% of total budget ($939 million)； Goal 2 36.1% of total budget($2,581 million)； Goal 3 23.6% of total budget ($1,691 million)； Goal 4 16.7% of total budget ($1,191 million)； and Goal 5 10.5% of total budget ($751 million). Discretionary Budget Request EPA requested $7.1 billion in discretiona
9、ry funds for FY 2009. This money will be used for: 1) operating programs, 2) trust funds, and 3) infrastructure financing. Operating Programs Operating programs consist primarily of the most familiar environmental programs, including those administered under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Ac
10、t (RCRA) and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA), as well as the agency s programs for clean air, water quality, food safety, pollution prevention, toxics and pesticide control, global environmental initiatives, community right-to-know, and spending for
11、 scientific research and technology development. In addition, homeland security is an important component of EPA s mission. The requested operating programs budget for FY 2009 is $4.3 billion. Trust Funds Trust funds provide federal financing for the remediation of Superfund sites and leaking underg
12、round storage tanks (USTs). This budget category also includes monies for the EPA Inspector General and Superfund enforcement activities, as well as for EPA management and support activities. In addition, this category includes monies that are transferred to other federal agencies that perform essen
13、tial services in areas where EPA does not possess specialized expertise. These federal agencies include the U.S. Coast Guard, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the U.S. Department of the Interior, the Federal Emergency Management Agency, and the Occupational Safety and Health Admi
14、nistration. For FY 2009, EPA requested $1.3 billion. Infrastructure Financing Infrastructure financing is used primarily for grants to states, local governmental entities, and tribal agencies to fund a variety of drinking water, wastewater, air, and brown fields environmental projects. EPA s FY 2009
15、 budget includes $1,565 million for the agency s infrastructure projects. Of this, approximately $1,413 million will support EPA s Goal 2 Clean and Safe Water, $104 million will support Goal 4Healthy Communities and Ecosystems, and $49 million will support Goal 1 Clean Air and Global Climate Change
16、. These resources will be used to help EPA achieve its goals for 2009, which include: Ensuring that 90% of the population served by community drinking water systems will receive drinking water meeting all health-based standards； and Awarding 107 assessment grants under the brown fields program by th
17、e end of FY 2009 to allow for the productive reuse of these properties. This will bring the total number of grants awarded to more than 1,260. Objectives by Goal EPA has established strategic objectives and FY 2009 annual performance goals for each of the five goals. EPA s budget is designed to allo
18、w the agency to achieve these goals. The following sections provide further information about each of the five goals. Goal 1 Clean Air and Global Climate Change The FY 2009 budget implements Goal 1 through national programs designed to provide healthier outdoor and indoor air for all Americans, protect the stratospheric
