1、本科毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目： A Reference Model for Personal Financial Planning 出 处： International Handbooks Information System 作 者： Oliver Braun, Gnter Schmidt 原 文： We understand personal financial planning as the process of meeting life goals through the management of finances . Our reference model fulfils two
2、 kinds of purposes: first, the analysis model is a conceptual model that can serve financial planners as a decision support tool. Second, system developers can map the analysis model to the system architecture at the design stage of system development. Furthermore, the reference model serves as a ca
3、pture of existing knowledge in the field of IT210 Oliver Braun, Gnter Schmidt supported personal financial planning. The model also addresses interoperability assessments by the concept of platform-independent usage of personal financial planning tools. Personal Financial Planning The field of perso
4、nal financial planning is well supplied with a lot of textbooks, Most books can be used as guides to handle personal financial problems .e. g. maximize wealth, achieve various financial goals, determine emergency savings, maximize retirement plan contributions,etc. There are also papers in journals
5、ranging from the popular press to academic journals. We will start our discussion with some definitions related to the world of personal financial planning. Certified Financial Planners (CFP) Board of Standards defines (personal) financial planning as follows: Definition (CFP Board of Standards 2005
6、) Financial planning is the process of meeting your life goals through the proper management of your finances. Life goals can include buying a home, saving for your childs education or planning for retirement. Financial planning provides direction and meaning to your financial decisions. It allows y
7、ou to understand how each financial decision you make affects other areas of your finances. For example, buying a particular investment product might help you pay off your mortgage faster or it might delay your retirement significantly. By viewing each financial decision as part of a whole, you can
8、consider its short and long-term effects on your life goals. You can also adapt more easily to life changes and feel more secure that your goals are on track. Definition (ISO/TC 222 2004) Personal financial planning is an interactive process designed to enable a consumer/ client to achieve their per
9、sonal financial goals. In the same draft, Personal Financial Planner, consumer, client and financial goals are defined as follows: Definition (ISO/TC 222 2004) A Personal Financial Planner is an individual practitioner who provides financial planning services to clients and meets all competence, eth
10、ics and experience requirements contained in this standard. A consumer is an individual or a group of individuals, such as a family, who have shared financial interests. A client of a Personal Financial Planner is an individual who has accepted the terms of engagement by entering into a contract of
11、services. A financial goal is a quantifiable outcome aimed to be achieved at some future point in time or over a period of time. Definition (CFP Board of Standards 2005； ISO/TC 222 2004) The personal financial planning process shall include, but is not limited to, six steps that can be repeated thro
12、ughout the client and financial planner relationship.The client can decide to end the process before having passed all the steps. The process involves gathering relevant financial information, setting life goals, examining your current financial status and coming up with a strategy or plan for how y
13、ou can meet your goals given your current situation and future plans. The financial planning process consists of the following six steps: 1. Establishing and defining the client-planner relationship. The financial planner should clearly explain or document the services to be provided to the client a
14、nd define both his and his clients responsibilities. The planner should explain fully how he will be paid and by whom. The client and the planner should agree on how long the professional relationship should last and on how decisions will be made. 2. Gathering client data and determining goals and e
15、xpectations. The financial planner should ask for information about the clients financial situation. The client and the planner should mutually define the clients personal and financial goals, understand the clients time frame for results and discuss, if relevant, how the client feel about risk. The
16、 financial planner should gather all the necessary documents before giving advice the client needs. 3. Analyzing and evaluating the clients financial status. The financial planner should analyze the clients information to assess the clients current situation and determine what the client must do to
17、meet his goals. Depending on what services the client has asked for, this could include analyzing the clients assets, liabilities and cash flow, current insurance coverage, investments or tax strategies. 4. Developing and presenting financial planning recommendations and/or alternatives. The financi
18、al planner should offer financial planning recommendations that address the clients goals, based on the information the client provides. The planner should go over the recommendations with the client to help the client understand them so that the client can make informed decisions. The planner shoul
19、d also listen to the clients concerns and revise the recommendations as appropriate。 5. Implementing the financial planning recommendations. The client and the planner should agree on how the recommendations will be carried out. The planner may carry out the recommendations or serve as the clients “
20、coach,” coordinating the whole process with the client and other professionals such as attorneys or stockbrokers. 6Monitoring the financial planning recommendations. The client and the planner should agree on who will monitor the clients progress towards his goals. If the planner is in charge of the
21、 process, he should report to the client periodically to review his situation and adjust the recommendations, if needed, as the clients life changes. Definition (Rumbaugh et al. 2005) A system is a collection of connected units organized to accomplish a purpose. A system can be described by one or m
22、ore models, possibly from different viewpoints. The complete model describes the whole system. The personal financial planning process can be supported by financial Decision Support Systems (DSS). give a survey on the use of knowledge based DSS in financial management. The basic characteristic of such systems is the integration of expert systems technology with models and methods used in the decision support framework. They survey some systems
