1、 外 文 翻 译 毕业设计 题目： 基于 ASP.NET 的 物业管理系统 开发 原文 1： ASP.NET 2.0 Web Pages and Web Controls 译文 1： ASP.NET 2.0 网页和 Web 控件 原文 2： The Role of Global.asax File 译文 2： Global.asax 文件的作用 原文 1 ASP.NET 2.0 Web Pages and Web Controls Until now, all of the example applications in this text have focused on console-ba
2、sed and Windows Forms front ends. In this chapter and the next, youll explore how the .NET platform facilitates the construction of browser-based presentation layers. To begin, youll quickly review a number of key web-centric concepts (HTTP, HTML, client-side, and server-side script) and the role of
3、 the web server (including the ASP.NET development server, WebDev.WebServer.exe). With this web primer out of the way, the remainder of this chapter concentrates on the composition of ASP.NET (including the enhanced code-behind model) and how to work with ASP.NET web controls. As you will see, ASP.N
4、ET 2.0 provides a number of new web controls, a new “master page”model, and various customization techniques. The Role of HTTP Web applications are very different animals from traditional desktop applications (to say the least).The first obvious difference is that a production-level web application
5、will always involve at least two networked machines (of course, during development it is entirely possible to have a single machine play the role of both client and server). Given this fact, the machines in question must agree upon a particular wire protocol to determine how to send and receive data
6、. The wire protocol that connects the computers in question is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). When a client machine launches a web browser (such as Netscape Navigator, Mozilla Firefox,or Microsoft Internet Explorer), an HTTP request is made to access a particular resource (such as an *.aspx
7、 or *.htm file) on the remote server machine. HTTP is a text-based protocol that is built upon a standard request/response paradigm. For example, if you navigate to www. IntertechT, the browser software leverages a web technology termed Domain Name Service (DNS) that converts the registered URL into
8、 a four-part, 32-bit numerical value (aka an IP address). At this point, the browser opens a socket connection (typically via port 80) and sends the HTTP request for the default page at the http:/www.IntertechT website. Once the hosting web server receives the incoming HTTP request, the specified re
9、source may contain logic that scrapes out any client-supplied input values (such as values within a text box) in order to format a proper HTTP response. Web programmers may leverage any number of technologies (CGI, ASP, ASP.NET, Java servlets, etc.) to dynamically generate the content to be emitted
10、into the HTTP response. At this point, the client-side browser renders the HTML emitted from the web server. Another aspect of web development that is markedly different from traditional desktop programming is the fact that HTTP is an essentially stateless wire protocol. As soon as the web server em
11、its a response to the client, everything about the previous interaction is forgotten. Therefore, as a web developer, it is up to you take specific steps to “remember” information (such as items in a shopping cart) about the clients who are currently logged on to your site. As you will see in the nex
12、t chapter, ASP.NET provides numerous ways to handle state, many of which are commonplace to any web platform (session variables, cookies, and application variables) as well as some new techniques (view state, control state, and the cache). Understanding Web Applications and Web Servers A web applica
13、tion can be understood as a collection of files (*.htm, *.asp, *.aspx, image files, etc.) and related components (such as a .NET code library) stored within a particular set of directories on a given web server. As shown in Chapter 24, web applications have a specific life cycle and provide numerous
14、 events (such as initial startup or final shutdown) that you can hook into. A web server is a software product in charge of hosting your web applications, and it typically provides a number of related services such as integrated security, File Transfer Protocol (FTP) support, mail exchange services,
15、 and so forth. Internet Information Server (IIS) is Microsofts enterprise-level web server product, and as you would guess, it has intrinsic support for classic ASP as well as ASP.NET web applications. When you build ASP.NET web applications, you will often need to interact with IIS. Be aware, howev
16、er, that IIS is not automatically selected when you install the Windows Server 2003 or Windows XP Professional Edition (you cant install IIS on the Home editions of Windows). Therefore, depending on the configuration of your development machine, you may be required to manually install IIS before pro
17、ceeding through this chapter. To do so, simply access the Add/Remove Program applet from the Control Panel folder and select Add/Remove Windows Components. Working with IIS Virtual Directories A single IIS installation is able to host numerous web applications, each of which resides in a virtual directory. Each virtual directory is mapped to a physical directory on the local hard drive. Therefore, if you create a new virtual directory named CarsRUs, the outside world can navigate to this site using a URL such as http:/www.CarsRU (assuming your sites IP address has been registered
