1、附录 A Energy Conversion and Storage Characteristics Research on Piezoelectric Generator Through to the cantilever beam piezoelectricity electric power facility energy conversion characteristic theoretical analysis, has obtained the piezoelectricity Liang output voltage and the electrical energy theor
2、etical model, but this is merely considers piezoelectricity Liang own factor alone to the power rate the influence rule. But in practical application, what often considered are the piezoelectricity electric power facility output, and its values size and the load resistance concern. Therefore, these
3、rules have conducted systems research after the piezoelectricity electric power facility external connection loads output, and uses the different resistance number the load resistance to carry on the experimental confirmation. May discover by the second chapter of theoretical analysis, although piez
4、oelectricity Liang can produce the great voltage, but it each time distorts the electrical energy which outputs to be very limited, still could not meet the modern mostly electronic installations need. This chapter while carries on the theory and experimental study to the piezoelectricity electric p
5、ower facilitys output, but also has conducted the memory characteristic research through each kind of storage medium to the piezoelectricity electric power facilitys power rate. May know by the second chapter of piezoelectric vibrators basic theory knowledge, piezoelectric ceramics electricity chara
6、cteristic equivalent circuit may be represented as the electric charge equivalent circuit. And, piezoelectric ceramics dielectric resistance was opposite in the external load, the resistance number was big, might neglect. In the above two kind of situations theoretical calculation formula may see, i
7、n practical application, regardless of the piezoelectric vibrator uses what connection mode, can have a best load resistance, causes its output maximizing. At the same time, for the confirmation theoretical formulas accuracy, presently separately confirms piezoelectric vibrators in above two kind of
8、 situations output voltage and the output and between the load resistance size relations through the experimental method, and draws up the corresponding assay curve, and carries on the comparative analysis with the theoretical formula computed result. the test equipment mainly includes the HEAS-5 po
9、wer amplifier, the HEV-50 high energy driver, the DS-5000 series digital storage oscilloscope. In the testing through the regulating power amplifiers frequency and the voltage, produces one to assign the oscillation amplitude and the frequency sine drive signal, causes the driver according to this s
10、ine drive vibration. Because the piezoelectric vibrator fixes on the driver, can have a same frequency sine wave alternating current, therefore through the load resistance both sides voltage is also the sine alternating current and the available oscilloscope obtains. According to formula P =V2R, may
11、 obtain the power which the load resistance consumes, namely piezoelectric vibrators output. This laboratory uses piezoelectric vibrators size and the material performance parameter are as follows: Piezoelectric ceramics material is PZT-4, piezoelectric ceramics size parameter is: LWh=58mm30mm0.35mm
12、. The metal foundation plates material is the beryllium bronze, the size parameter is: LWh=80mm30mm0.35mm. Is observable this laboratory use piezoelectric vibrators equivalent capacity size using the Avon meter is: C=0.05 microfarad. Presses may know by the experimental principle, when the regulatin
13、g power amplifier, causes the driver by the frequency f=44.3Hz drive piezoelectric vibrator, then the piezoelectric vibrator has an angular frequency =2f=278.204rad/s sine wave voltage, time its idling voltage output wave shape. May see by this chart, when piezoelectric vibrator idling, its voltage
14、output wave shape is a sine wave, may read out its peak voltage 0v through the oscilloscope is 14.8V. The electrical vibrator outputs between active voltage and active power and load resistance theory relations curve； At the same time, the use experiment test system, the selection different resistan
15、ce numbers resistance carries on the experiment, may draw up between them the experimental relations curve, its correspondences optimum load and the maximum output performance number respectively are 71.89 kilo ohms and 0.7617 kilowatt； Obtains actually the optimum load and the maximum output perfor
16、mance number respectively are 71 kilo ohms and 0.867 mill watt, this time, the theory and the laboratory correspondences electric current size respectively is 0.103 mill amperes and 0.012 milliamp ere. Works as the piezoelectric vibrator external connection rectification bridge and the filter electr
17、ic capacity, what its outputs is the direct current, the output voltage and the power also has the very big relations with the load resistance. Likewise, may result in its output voltage and between the output and the load resistance relational curve by the theoretical formula and the experiment tes
18、t system, the related parameter which the theoretical calculation uses with works as the piezoelectric vibrator is direct and the load is connected when same. May discover by the above research, although the piezoelectric vibrator can produce the great voltage, but its outputs the electric current i
19、s relatively small, its output also can only calculate by a kilowatt level, is opposite in the present some electronic devices normal work power, piezoelectric ceramics power capacity is extremely limited. At the same time, in certain third chapter of piezoelectricity electric power facilitys output
20、 and the memory characteristic analysis, must guarantee, in the piezoelectricity electric power facility does not work in the situation, the electric appliance equipment still could the normal work, this need to carry on the memory to piezoelectric vibrator power rate each time. Therefore, to the pi
21、ezoelectricity electric power facilitys energy storage characteristic research is very necessary, this festival carries on saves. Test the selected piezoelectric vibrator, and its structural parameters and material properties are related to the power 3.1 of this chapter to verify test the same as th
22、e piezoelectric vibrator. Physical map of the test equipment as shown， Piezoelectric vibrator exciter fixed, the piezoelectric power generation device constitutes a cantilever. Power amplifier by adjusting the frequency of vibration can set the frequency according to the piezoelectric vibrator incen
23、tives； At the same time, the power amplifier voltage regulator allows different piezoelectric oscillator output amplitude of the AC sine wave； oscilloscope to measure the Parts of generating capacity. Since the piezoelectric vibrator support the use of cantilever, the natural frequency of a higher n
24、atural frequency for first-order 98.732Hz, and environment of the local oscillator frequency is well below this value, in order to make the frequency of piezoelectric vibrator and the environment of the natural frequency similarity may be in the piezoelectric vibrator additional focus on the quality
25、 of the free end of the block adjustment method. Trials, the increase in mass of the weight of 10.7 grams, that it reduced the first-order natural frequency 44.734Hz. Regulation of power amplifiers, so that the output of a piezoelectric vibrator frequency of 44.3Hz, the peak of the sinusoidal voltag
26、e of 14.8V AC (in particular the absence of the following tests are used as criteria), on the electrolytic capacitors, super capacitors and rechargeable batteries in three storage medium for storage comparison test. Containing polar electrolytic capacitors, the use of attention should be paid when t
27、he connection is negative, the electrolysis electric capacity Capacity can be used as a power supply. At present, the commonly used electrolytic capacitors are tantalum electrolytic capacitors and aluminum electrolytic capacitors. Tantalum electrolytic capacitors and aluminum electrolytic capacitors
28、 compared to the benefits include: small； wide use of humidity； long life, high insulation resistance, leakage current small； good impedance frequency characteristics； high reliability. In order to compare the two types of charging characteristics of electrolytic capacitors, are taking the same capa
29、city (100 micro-method) two electrolytic capacitor charging experiment. When external conditions are the same, the same capacity of electrolytic capacitors and tantalum electrolytic capacitors, which charge and discharge characteristics was nearly identical and no significant difference. Although co
30、mpared to tantalum electrolytic capacitor aluminum electrolytic capacitors, there are many advantages, but it also has its own shortcomings. There is no electrolyte tantalum capacitor, it is suitable for high temperature work, so the use of metal tantalum medium for voltage, current limited occasion
31、s. Tantalum Electrolytic Capacitors Electrolytic Capacitors, as, unlike the ordinary use of the aluminum-plated paper firing capacitor, so almost no inductance itself, but it also limited its capacity, at present, the market can buy tantalum electrolytic capacitors, the maximum capacity of only 100
32、micro-method, the price of aluminum electrolytic capacitors than ordinary expensive, and tantalum electrolytic capacitor voltage and current capacity is relatively weak, piezoelectric power generation is not the best energy storage components. In comparison, aluminum electrolytic capacitors are chea
33、p, and its larger capacity. In order to better understanding of the storage ， characteristics of electrolytic capacitors, with different capacity aluminum electrolytic capacitors, the charge-discharge test. When the piezoelectric vibrator when a certain output voltage, the electrolytic capacitor cha
34、rge voltage eventually become a stable value, that is reaching saturation voltage； when the piezoelectric vibrator of the open circuit voltage at the same time, different-capacity aluminum electrolytic capacitor can be reached saturation voltage the same, are 12.8 V； but the capacity of different al
35、uminum electrolytic capacitors, which charge different rates, and the capacitor charging rate with the electric Yung capacity increases. When the initial voltage is the same, different-capacity aluminum electrolytic capacitor discharge time its different, the discharge time as the capacity of electr
36、olytic capacitors increases. 470 micro-law of the aluminum electrolytic capacitors, the voltage from 3 V down to 12.8 伏下 time is more than two hours, it has to meet the demand for certain electronic equipment. To self-designed remote control as an example, when the law of 470 micro-electrolytic capa
37、citor charging, the charge to the saturation voltage, the remote control can work for 5 times. The above-capacity aluminum electrolytic capacitors of different charging tests, piezoelectric vibrator in the same open-circuit voltage conditions, piezoelectric vibrator in order to obtain the open circu
38、it voltage of the electrolytic capacitor charging rate relationship test in the same capacity electrolytic capacitor, the piezoelectric vibrator open circuit voltage of the charging rate of the relationship. Regulation of power amplifiers, so that the same vibration frequency of 44.3Hz, change the amplitude of vibration, so that piezoelectric vibrator, respectively, sine wave output voltage of 10.2 V peak, 14.8 V and 19.8 V three values to choose 50V
