1、附录一外文翻译 英文原文 Weld robot application present condition According to incomplete statistics, the worlds industrial robots in service in about nearly half of the industrial robots used in the field of all forms of welding process, welding robot applications, the most popular play, there are two main met
2、hods, spot welding and electric arc welding. We call the welding robot is actually a place in the field of welding production welder in the industrial robot welding task. Some of these welding robots designed as some kind of welding, and in fact most of the welding robot is a common industrial robot
3、 equipped with a welding tool and composition. In a multitasking environment, a robot can even be completed, including grasping objects including welding, handling, installation, welding, unloading and other tasks, the robot can play sum nature of the tasks under the program to automatically replace
4、 the robot wrist The tool, complete the corresponding task. Therefore, in a sense, history is the development of industrial robots welding robot history. It is well known that welding process requires skilled welders have skills, rich experience, stable welding level: it is a poor working conditions
5、, smoke more, heat radiation large, high-risk work. The emergence of industrial robots People naturally think first of people use it to replace manual welding, the welder to reduce the labor intensity, but also can ensure the welding quality and improve the welding efficiency. However, welding and o
6、ther industrial processes are different, such as arc welding process, welding parts by heating and melting and cooling due to local deformation, weld path will thus change. Hand experience of the welder when welding can be observed under the eyes of the actual location of timely adjustment of the we
7、ld torch position, posture and walking speed to adapt to changes in the weld path. However, the robot must adapt to this change, you must first like people to see the change, and then take the appropriate measures to adjust the location and status of the gun to achieve real-time tracking of the weld
8、. Because there is a strong arc welding process, arc noise, dust, droplet instability caused by wire short-circuit, high current magnetic field of complex environmental factors such as the existence of robots playing detect and identify the signal characteristics of the required weld extraction is n
9、ot as industrial manufacturing process of testing the other so easy, therefore, the application of welding robots is not the beginning for electric arc welding process. In fact, the industrial robot applications in the field of welding the first automobile assembly line from the resistance spot weld
10、ing began. The reason is that the process of resistance spot welding is relatively simple, convenient control, and does not require seam tracking, the robot accuracy and repeatability of control playing a relatively low demand. Spot welding robots in the automotive assembly line of a large number of
11、 applications greatly enhance the productivity of the automotive assembly and welding quality welding, but also has a flexible welding characteristics, that is only playing to change procedures on the same production line can be on a different model for assembly welding. Robot birth from the early 8
12、0s of this century, robot technology has gone through a long slow process of development. In 90s, with computer technology, microelectronic technology, the rapid development of network technology, robotics technology has been rapid development. Industrial robot manufacturing level, control the speed
13、 and the accuracy, reliability was being improved all the time, while the robot manufacturing costs and prices have been declining. In Western society, and the robot prices contrast, the human labor costs are a growing trend. United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) statistics from 1990
14、 to 2000 robots and labor cost index price index curve of the robot in which the price index in 1990 and labor cost index is used as the reference value of 100, to 2000, labor cost index is 140, an increase of 40%； the robot in the case of qualitative factors into account the price index of less tha
15、n 20, decreased by 80%, without considering the quality factors of the situation, the price index of the robot is about 40, reducing 60%. Here, the robot does not take quality into account the price is the actual price of robots now, compared with the past: the quality factor to consider is the leve
16、l of the robot to improve manufacturing process technology, manufacturing quality and performance of the robot even in the same price conditions also play than before, so if the robot according to the same quality and past performance into account, the price index of the robot should be lower. It ca
17、n be seen in Western countries, because labor costs for enterprises to bring considerable pressure, the robot has happened to reduce the price index for the further application brings opportunity. Reduce staff and increase the robots equipment investment costs reach a certain balance between the two
18、 points when the interest is clearly using the robot than the benefits brought about by a large artificial one hand, it can greatly improve the level of automation of production equipment to improve labor productivity, while enhancing the quality of products but also to improve the overall competiti
19、veness of enterprises. Although the robot is relatively large one-time investment, but its routine maintenance and consumption relative to output it to accomplish the same task than the labor costs consumed a small, therefore, in the long run, the production costs will be greatly reduced. The price
20、of robot reduces so some SMEs to invest in robotics to make a breeze. Therefore, the application of industrial robots has been rapid development in all walks of life. According to UNECEs statistics, in 2001, 75 million units worldwide of industrial robots used in industrial manufacturing sectors, in
21、cluding 389,000 in Japan, 19.8 million in the European Union, 90,000 in North America, 73,000 in the remaining countries. At the end of 2004 there is at least about 100 million industrial robots in service in the worlds As the robot control the speed and accuracy improved, especially the development
22、 of arc sensor and has been applied in robot welding, arc weld robot trajectory tracking and control to some extent been solved, robotic welding Manufacturing in the automotive comparison from the original spot a single vehicle assembly and auto parts will soon develop in the arc welding assembly pr
23、ocess. robot arc welding is characterized by the greatest flexibility, you can change at any time by programming the trajectory and welding sequence, welding pieces are suited for variety of changes, short weld more complex shape of the product. This goes to and consistent with the characteristics o
24、f vehicle manufacturers. In particular, vehicle models are updated in modern society very quickly, using robotic equipment car production line can well adapt to this change. In addition, arc welding robot not only for the automotive industry, but also can be used for arc welding involved in other ma
25、nufacturing industries such as shipbuilding, rolling stock, boilers, heavy machinery and so on. Therefore, the scope of application of arc welding robots becoming more widely in the number of great spot on the trend over the robot. As the car lighter manufacturing technologies, a number of high-strength alloys
