1、咸宁学院本科毕业设计（论文）： 全自动生化分析仪常见故障诊断、分析与维修 10 毕业论文（设计） 外文翻译 译文题目 :全自动生化分析仪常见故障诊断、分析与维修 （ 侧 重维修） 学生姓名： 刘凯 学 号： 050921044 专 业： 生物医学工程 方 向： 医疗器械 指导教师： 但汉久 2008 年 12 月 24 日 咸宁学院本科毕业设计（论文）： 全自动生化分析仪常见故障诊断、分析与维修 11 Design and Development of Microcontroller-Based Clinical Chemistry Analyser for Measurement of Va
2、rious Blood Biochemistry Parameters S. R. Taneja, R. C. Gupta, Jagdish Kumar, K. K. Thariyan, and Sanjeev Verma, Journal of Automated Methods & Management in Chemistry, India Clinical chemistry analyser is a high-performance microcontroller-based photometric biochemical analyser to measure various b
3、lood biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, urea, protein, bilirubin, and so forth, and also to measure and observe enzyme growth occurred while performing the other biochemical tests such as ALT (alkaline amino transferase), amylase, AST (aspartate amino transferase), and so forth. These tes
4、ts are of great significance in biochemistry and used for diagnostic purposes and classifying various disorders and diseases such as diabetes, liver malfunctioning, renal diseases, and so forth. An inexpensive clinical chemistry analyser developed by the authors is described in this paper. This is a
5、n open system in which any reagent kit available in the market can be used. The system is based on the principle of absorbance transmittance photometry. System design is based around 80C31 microcontroller with RAM, EPROM, and peripheral interface devices. The developed system incorporates light sour
6、ce, an optical module, interference filters of various wave lengths, peltier device for maintaining required temperature of the mixture in flow cell, peristaltic pump for sample aspiration, graphic LCD display for displaying blood parameters, patients test results and kinetic test graph, 40 columns
7、mini thermal printer, and also 32-key keyboard for executing various functions. The lab tests conducted on the instrument include versatility of the analyzer, flexibility of the software, and treatment of sample. The prototype was tested and evaluated over 1000 blood samples successfully for sevente
8、en blood parameters. Evaluation was carried out at Government Medical College and Hospital, the Department of Biochemistry. The test results were found to be comparable with other standard instruments. 1. INTRODUCTION In order to measure the progress of an enzymatic reaction and to measure the total
9、 change in the concentration of the reactant/substrate, various techniques 1 such as spectrophotometric, polarometric, amperometric, electrochemical, coulometric, polarography, radiochemical, and fluorescence are available. Instrument developed works on the principle of absorbance transmittance phot
10、ometry. It is a highperformance,microcontroller-based, photometric biochemical analyser to measure various blood biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, urea, protein, bilirubin, and so forth, and also to measure and observe enzyme growth occurred while performing the other biochemical tests s
11、uch as ALT (alkaline amino transferase), amylase, AST (aspartate amino transferase), and so forth. The biochemical tests are very important as they are associated with various disorders and diseases such as diabetes, renal diseases, liver malfunctions,and other metabolic derangements. The quantisati
12、on of these parameters helphful in 咸宁学院本科毕业设计（论文）： 全自动生化分析仪常见故障诊断、分析与维修 12 classifying such diseases,and under appropriate circumstances, results are used for diagnostic purposes.In recent years, automation in clinical chemistry has progressed with a change from rigid to very flexible instruments. A
13、utomation of clinical instruments has brought about a revolution in the field of medical instrumentation. It has reduced the load on clinical laboratories to a great extent by reducing the time taken in the test and minimizing the involvement of laboratory staff. Instrument developed is classified a
14、s semiautomated analyser 2 and has advantages of precision and accuracy. These systems are used in hospitals to test various blood biochemical parameters. All primary health centres, community health centres, and district hospitals are the potential users of this machine. 2. MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.
15、1. The instrument (i) Design principle The instrument is designed using the principle of absorbance transmittance photometry. According to Lambert and Beer Figure 1: Schematic of Lambert and Beers law. Figure 2: Relation between percent transmission and concentration. law 3, when monochromatic light
16、 is passed through coloured solution, the intensity of the transmitted light decreases exponentially with the increase in concentration of the absorbing substance. The value of absorption of light energy is dependent on the number of molecules present in absorbing material and the thickness of the m
17、edium. Thus,intensity of light energy leaving the absorbing substance is used as an indication of concentration of that particular substance.As shown in Figures 1 and 2, if I0 is the intensity of incident light in coloured solution and It is the transmitted light, then according to this law It = I0e- kct (1)
