1、附录 A 英文原文 From X IA W e-i q iang, FAN Shang-chun Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument Advances in Sensor Technology Development The sensor technology is an important technical foundation of the new technological revolution and the information society, is a multidisciplinary science and technolog
2、y, and is widely regarded as the source of the modern information technology 1.In recent years, sensor technology development Fast, and made many new developments, in particular, has made a lot of progress in terms of gas sensors, biological sensors, vision sensors 2 - 3.Massachusetts Institute of C
3、hinese scientist Zhang Shuguang research team led by means of a special solution to find the large-scale manufacture of the olfactory receptor 4； same MIT researchers used gas chromatography - mass spectrometry feelidentify gas molecules, developed a trace toxic gases react strongly miniature sensor
4、s 5； Russian scientists as raw material extracted from a common mushroom mixture, a resonant sensor with a piezoelectric quartz crystal canvery low levels of phenol in the detection of air ingredient Japanese scientists have developed quickly identify influenza virus nanosensors 7, nanotechnology is
5、 expected to quickly identify influenza virus, hepatitis B virus, mad cow disease pathogens and pesticide residues and other substances 6；the Autonomous University of Barcelona, Spain, developed a new means； New microfilm DNA analysis sensors 8, this sensor is able to analyze the DNA chain time shor
6、tened to a few minutes or a few hours, intelligent instrument and sensor technology, space biology, intelligent sensing technology.Applications, a series of laboratory tests in a paternity test to detect genetically modified food also can determine the genetic toxicity of new drugs； National Institu
7、te of Standards and Technology Research Institute to develop an ultra-sensitive micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor, the micro-sensor andparallel microfluidic channels in a silicon chip on top of this technology to enhance the detection sensitivity of NMR to a new level, with a wide range
8、of application prospects 9 in the chemical analysis. Our sensor technology compared with foreign countries, there is a big gap, but the last two years has also made some progress and breakthroughs, the birth of some new products, some of the major national Model Engineering application.Such as resou
9、rce ring Reality technology in the field of environmental monitoring and environmental risk assessment technology, fast online monitoring technology of Air Pollution Complex key gaseous pollutants and airborne fine particles and ultrafine particles fast online monitoring technology, marine technolog
10、y collar Domain of marine water pollution parameters online monitoring technology and marine metal contaminants on-site and on-line monitoring techniques.HgCdTe infrared sensors have been used in Chinas Fengyun series satellites, oceanic satellites and Shenzhou series fly Ship.Beijing University of
11、Aeronautics and Astronautics invented the small precision CMOS celestial sensor technology won the 2008 National Invention and Technology Prize 10.The development of these technologies highlights sensor technology showing to The high-precision, miniaturization, micro-power consumption and passive, i
12、ntelligent, high reliability direction of the trend, the following were discussed. The main direction of development of sensor technology to the development of high-precisionAutomated production technology continues to evolve, the requirements of the sensor is also continuously improve the requireme
13、nts developed with high sensitivity, high accuracy, fast response speed, good interchangeability new sensor to ensure the reliability of production automation.In recent years, the worlds major the sensor research institutions using new theories, new methods, new techniques to improve the sensor accu
14、racy achieved outstanding results.American scholars have found a new method to improve the sensitivity of the sensor 11, to take a systematic approach to the various design rules together with a consistent framework to improve the design of the sensor.They compared the traditional planar sensor (p l
15、anar sensor) components with cylindrical single nanotube sensor (cylindrica l sing le-nano tube sensor) Components, the results show the smaller cylindrical sensitivity of the sensor is at least 100 times higher, which is sufficient to prove that the smaller the better the theoretical. University of
16、 California at Berkeley and the Berkeley Lab researchers create the worlds first fully functional nanotube device, the successful construction of a weighing gold atoms nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) 12.This device measured the gold atoms quality for 3125 10 - 22 g.The NEMS mass sensor consists
17、 of a single carbon nanotube, double wall, with all the electronic properties, and the increase in hardness.The one end of the carbon nanotubes can be freely, while the other end is connected to one electrode, and the distance relative to the electrode is very near.The DC power from the battery or s
18、olar cell on the pair of electrodes connected, cause it to some fluctuations in the resonance frequency of vibration.When an atom or molecule is stored above carbon nanotubes, the resonant frequency of this carbon nanotube will therefore the mass of the atoms or molecules to change, similar to the d
19、ifferent weight diver would change the resonance frequency of the diving board. American Oak R idge National Laboratory using silicon micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) sensor detected 515 fg (femtograms) of the substances, and to create a new world record 13.The use of only 2 Lm Length, 50 nm t
20、hick silicon cantilever, by an inexpensive diode laser vibration.The researchers believe that the use of MEMS sensors in theory be able to detect any substances. British the Transense company launched a precision level millionth non-contact torque sensor Torqsense 14.This sensor is based on the prin
21、ciple of surface acoustic wave (SAW), the size of only 4 mm 2 mm 015 mm.45b fixed for measuring the torque of the shaft, the two SAW sensor and the shaft was continuously into / half-bridge 0 structure； When the shaft is subject to torque, a pressure receiving a tensile the consolidated two sensors
22、frequency generating / Difference 0 or /superposition 0 signal to derive the respective torque or temperature signal. Epson Toyocom Corporation developed a? 10 Pa (about one ten thousandth atmospheric pressure) of high accuracy and high resolution of 011 Pa and a volume of 1215 ml, weight is 15 g sm
23、all crystal absolute pressure sensor 15.Tuning-fork type crystal unit is used in the pressure detecting unit, whereby the oscillation frequency of high stability can be obtained, thus achieving the pressure sensor with high precision and high resolution crystal； on top of this using QMEMS technology
24、 developed a new original.pressure sensing structure, to make it possible to have both small and high performance.Taiyo Yuden developed a detection sensitivity of 10 - 9 (1ppb) gas sensor 16, because of its gas adsorption characteristics, Taiyo Yuden be called / of nanoscale gas sensor 0, and in Oct
25、ober 2007show opening / CEATEC JAPAN 20070.The sensor 80Lm 500Lm dielectric film is formed on a silicon wafer, using a dielectric film after the adsorbed gas, the resistance value change of the dielectric film, in order to detect the gas.112 development to the miniaturization of various control equi
26、pment function more and more, the requirements of the various components of smaller is better, and thus the sensor itself, the volume is as small as possible, which requires a focus on the development of micro-sensors based on new materials and processing technology. French scientist, winner of the
27、2007 Nobel Prize in Physics Albert # Fil German scientist Peter # Green Berger found / giant magnetoresistance 0 effect 17 - 19, not only can produce more sensitive data read headThe increasingly weak magnetic signals and still be able to be clearly read out and converted into a clear current change
28、.The breakthrough in the technology provides an extremely important technical support for the miniaturization of sensors.Hitachi Metals has developed the worlds smallest 3-axis acceleration sensor, external dimensions of 215mm 215 mm _AT_ 1mm volume of 6125 mm3 to varistor resin package.The package
29、size smaller than similar products by 30% the volume and weight of 14 mg, 46% lower than similar products, with more than 20,000 gravitational acceleration impact resistance. Japanese scientists have also successfully developed the worlds smallest ultra-sensitive tactile sensor, the prospects for a
30、wide range of applications in the field of medical devices.The sensor is embedded in the synthetic resin of approximately 011mm3 a diameter of 1 10 Lm, long of 300 500 Lm, the helical spring-like fine carbon coil element, carbon coil after the contact with the object, will be minor changes in pressu
31、re and temperature conversioninto electrical signals.Furthermore, the sensor can also sense / screwed 0, / 0, etc. of friction signal.113 micro-power consumption and passive sensor can not work without power, in the field or in a place far from the grid, often with a battery or solar power, the development of micro-power
