1、1 Website From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia A website is a collection of related web pages, images, videos or other digital assets that are addressed relative to a common Uniform Resource Locator (URL), often consisting of only the domain name, or the IP address, and the root path in an Internet
2、 Protocol-based network. A web site is hosted on at least one web server, accessible via a network such as the Internet or a private local area network. A web page is a document, typically written in plain text interspersed with formatting instructions of Hypertext Markup Language (HTML, XHTML). A w
3、eb page may incorporate elements from other websites with suitable markup anchors. Web pages are accessed and transported with the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), which may optionally employ encryption (HTTP Secure, HTTPS) to provide security and privacy for the user of the web page content. The
4、 users application, often a web browser, renders the page content according to its HTML markup instructions onto a display terminal. All publicly accessible websites collectively constitute the World Wide Web.the pages of a website can usually be accessed from a simple Uniform Resource Locator calle
5、d the homepage. The URLs of the pages organize them into a hierarchy, although hyperlinking between them conveys the readers perceived site structure and guides the readers navigation of the site. Some websites require a subscription to access some or all of their content. Examples of subscription s
6、ites include many business sites, parts of many news sites, academic journal sites, gaming sites, message boards, web-based e-mail, social networking websites, and sites providing real-time stock market data. 1. History The World Wide Web (WWW) was created in 1989 by CERN physicist Tim Berners-Lee.O
7、n 30 April 1993, CERN announced that the World Wide Web would be free to use for anyone. Before the introduction of HTML and HTTP, other protocols such as file 2 transfer protocol and the gopher protocol were used to retrieve individual files from a server. These protocols offer a simple directory s
8、tructure which the user navigates and chooses files to download. Documents were most often presented as plain text files without formatting or were encoded in word processor formats. 2. Overview Organized by function, a website may be （ 1） a personal website （ 2） a commercial website （ 3） a governme
9、nt website （ 4） a non-profit organization website It could be the work of an individual, a business or other organization, and is typically dedicated to some particular topic or purpose. Any website can contain a hyperlink to any other website, so the distinction between individual sites, as perceiv
10、ed by the user, may sometimes be blurred. Websites are written in, or dynamically converted to HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language) and are accessed using a software interface classified as a user agent. Web pages can be viewed or otherwise accessed from a range of computer-based and Internet-enabled d
11、evices of various sizes, including desktop computers, laptops, PDAs and cell phones. A website is hosted on a computer system known as a web server, also called an HTTP server, and these terms can also refer to the software that runs on these systems and that retrieves and delivers the web pages in
12、response to requests from the website users. Apache is the most commonly used web server software (according to Netcraft statistics) and Microsofts Internet Information Server (IIS) is also commonly used. 3. Static website A static website is one that has web pages stored on the server in the format
13、 that is sent to a client web browser. It is primarily coded in Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). Simple forms or marketing examples of websites, such as classic website, a five-page website or a brochure website are often static websites, because they present pre-defined, static information to the
14、user. This may include 3 information about a company and its products and services via text, photos, animations, audio/video and interactive menus and navigation. This type of website usually displays the same information to all visitors. Similar to handing out a printed brochure to customers or cli
15、ents, a static website will generally provide consistent, standard information for an extended period of time. Although the website owner may make updates periodically, it is a manual process to edit the text, photos and other content and may require basic website design skills and software. In summ
16、ary, visitors are not able to control what information they receive via a static website, and must instead settle for whatever content the website owner has decided to offer at that time. They are edited using four broad categories of software: (1) Text editors, such as Notepad or TextEdit, where co
17、ntent and HTML markup are manipulated directly within the editor program (2) Wysiwyg offline editors, such as Microsoft FrontPage and Adobe Dreamweaver (previously Macromedia Dreamweaver), with which the site is edited using a GUI interface and the final HTML markup is generated automatically by the
18、 editor software (3) Wysiwyg online editors which create media rich online presentation like web pages, widgets, intro, blogs, and other documents. (4) Template-based editors, such as Rapidweaver and iWeb, which allow users to quickly create and upload web pages to a web server without detailed HTML
19、 knowledge, as they pick a suitable template from a palette and add pictures and text to it in a desktop publishing fashion without direct manipulation of HTML code. 4. Dynamic website A dynamic website is one that changes or customizes itself frequently and automatically, based on certain criteria.
20、 Dynamic websites can have two types of dynamic activity: Code and Content. Dynamic code is invisible or behind the scenes and dynamic content is visible or fully displayed. (1) Dynamic code The first type is a web page with dynamic code. The code is constructed dynamically on the fly using active programming language instead of plain,
