1、Ultrasonic ranging system design Publication title: Sensor Review. Bradford: 1993.Vol. ABSTRACT: Ultrasonic ranging technology has wide using worth in many fields, such as the industrial locale, vehicle navigation and sonar engineering. Now it has been used in level measurement, self-guided autonomo
2、us vehicles, fieldwork robots automotive navigation, air and underwater target detection, identification, location and so on. So there is an important practicing meaning to learn the ranging theory and ways deeply. To improve the precision of the ultrasonic ranging system in hand, satisfy the reques
3、t of the engineering personnel for the ranging precision, the bound and the usage, a portable ultrasonic ranging system based on the single chip processor was developed. Keywords: Ultrasound, Ranging System, Single Chip Processor 1. Introductive With the development of science and technology, the im
4、provement of peoples standard of living, speeding up the development and construction of the city. Urban drainage system have greatly developed their situation is construction improving. However, due to historical reasons many unpredictable factors in the synthesis of her time, the city drainage sys
5、tem. In particular drainage system often lags behind urban construction. Therefore, there are often good building excavation has been building facilities to upgrade the drainage system phenomenon. It brought to the city sewage, and it is clear to the city sewage and drainage culvert in the sewage tr
6、eatment system. Comfort is very important to peoples lives. Mobile robots designed to clear the drainage culvert and the automatic control system Free sewage culvert clear guarantee robots, the robot is designed to clear the culvert sewage to the core. Control system is the core component of the dev
7、elopment of ultrasonic range finder. Therefore, it is very important to design a good ultrasonic range finder. 2. A principle of ultrasonic distance measurement The application of AT89C51: SCM is a major piece of computer components are integrated into the chip micro-computer. It is a multi-interfac
8、e and counting on the micro-controller integration, and intelligence products are widely used in industrial automation. and MCS-51 microcontroller is a typical and representative. Microcontrollers are used in a multitude of commercial applications such as modems, motor-control systems, air condition
9、er control systems, automotive engine and among others. The high processing speed and enhanced peripheral set of these microcontrollers make them suitable for such high-speed event-based applications. However, these critical application domains also require that these microcontrollers are highly rel
10、iable. The high reliability and low market risks can be ensured by a robust testing process and a proper tools environment for the validation of these microcontrollers both at the component and at the system level. Intel Plaform Engineering department developed an object-oriented multi-threaded test
11、 environment for the validation of its AT89C51 automotive microcontrollers. The goals of this environment was not only to provide a robust testing environment for the AT89C51 automotive microcontrollers, but to develop an environment which can be easily extended and reused for the validation of seve
12、ral other future microcontrollers. The environment was developed in conjunction with Microsoft Foundation Classes (AT89C51). 1.1 Features * Compatible with MCS-51 Products * 2Kbytes of Reprogrammable Flash Memory Endurance: 1,000Write/Erase Cycles * 2.7V to 6V Operating Range * Fully Static operatio
13、n: 0Hz to 24MHz * Two-level program memory lock * 128x8-bit internal RAM * 15programmable I/O lines * Two 16-bit timer/counters * Six interrupt sources *Programmable serial UART channel * Direct LED drive output * On-chip analog comparator * Low power idle and power down modes 1.2 Description The AT
14、89C2051 is a low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 2Kbytes of flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmels high density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry standard MCS-51 instruction set and pin
15、out. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C2051 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly flexible and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications. The AT89C2051 provides the following standard features: 2Kbytes of flash, 128by
16、tes of RAM, 15 I/O lines, two 16-bit timer/counters, a five vector two-level interrupt architecture, a full duplex serial port, a precision analog comparator, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89C2051 is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and sup
17、ports two software selectable power saving modes. The idle mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt system to continue functioning. The power down mode saves the RAM contents but freezer the oscillator disabling all other chip functions until the next hard
18、ware reset. 1.3 Pin Configuration 1.4 Pin Description VCC Supply voltage. GND Ground. Prot 1 Prot 1 is an 8-bit bidirectional I/O port. Port pins P1.2 to P1.7 provide internal pullups. P1.0 and P1.1 require external pullups. P1.0 and P1.1 also serve as the positive input (AIN0) and the negative inpu
19、t (AIN1), respectively, of the on-chip precision analog comparator. The port 1 output buffers can sink 20mA and can drive LED displays directly. When 1s are written to port 1 pins, they can be used as inputs. When pins P1.2 to P1.7 are used as input and are externally pulled low, they will source current (IIL) because of the internal pullups. Port 3
