1、附录二英文原文 Intelligent Building 1、 General An Intelligent Building is one conceived and designed with an integrated flexible and modular communication cabling infrastructure capable of accommodating the needs of information intensive users for advanced information technology and services. Ever increasi
2、ng occupation densities as well as the exponential development and quasi universal use of personal computers coupled to market globalization and communication capabilities, over the past 20 years, have rendered the Intelligent Building (IB) concept a priority consideration in the planning of new or
3、upgradedOffice buildings. Evolution towards new social priorities, for the more educated office worker of today, has also led to substantial increases in environmental issue demands and standards. Social studies revealed a direct relationship between user satisfaction in the workplace and productivi
4、ty. Individual control capability of ambient conditions, at each work station, was identified as a major element leading to user satisfaction. Technological developments and cost attenuations through technological development and product availability have now rendered the Intelligent Building a viab
5、le and a justifiable option from a strict cost to benefit aspect. 2、 Overview Definitions for the Intelligent Building concept still vary but the most accepted description is the one produced by the Barcelona-based InstitutdefonsCerd:“A building which incorporates information systems that support th
6、e flow ofinformation throughout the building, offering advanced services of businessautomation and telecommunications, allowing furthermore automatic control,monitoring management and maintenance of the different subsystems or servicesof the building in an optimum and integrated way, local and/or re
7、mote, anddesigned with sufficient flexibility to make possible in a simple and economicalway the implementation of future systems.” To the uninitiated, the perception of a buildings degree of intelligence is too often correlated with the sophistication level of its Energy Management and Control Syst
8、em (EMCS) and its Communications system. However, to be effective, it must also encompass its mechanical and electrical systems order to minimize costs and maximize efficiency. There would be little point in developing ideal EMCS and its Communication systems for the occupants if HVAC, Lighting and
9、other systems annot meet and satisfy the needs of the occupants.In a new IB installation we should expect the following features: High- speed fibre optic communication network trunk for data, video and BAS. Flexible HVAC system with modular distribution and 100% outdoor air capability to take advant
10、age of free cooling as well as to allow flushing of the building to dilute volatile off-gassing contaminants； Advanced integrated Energy Management & Control System (EMCS) utilizing direct digital control technology for HVAC, Lighting, Fire Alarm and other building support systems； Dedicated circuit
11、 power distribution network complete with Uninterruptable Power Supply units； Generous standby power generation； High efficiency filtration, energy recuperation and/or thermal storage features to improve indoor air quality and energy consumption performance； Networked multi-user access incorporating
12、 structured password protection； Maximum transparency and communication capabilities between subsystems； Electrical design features tailored to Intelligent Building； Individually controlled HVAC terminal units allowing occupant control flexibility through Intelligent Terminals Controllers at each wo
13、rkstation. In retrofit buildings we would expect variations of the above features based on an owning and operating economical analysis taking into account the existing services and the benefits ensuing through their replacement and/or upgrade. Major retrofits, particularly those involving designs da
14、ting back 20 years or more, are generally dictated by a combination of the following: New code requirements, Updated indoor air quality standards, Revised energy efficiency guidelines, Increased internal electrical requirements associated to the generalized use of PCs. Revised building use. The aver
15、age life cycle of most M&E installations is 20 years versus an average building life cycle of 50 years. These retrofits, therefore, often dictate a complete revamping of the existing M&E installations well before the buildings life cycle has expired. This frequently offers an opportunity to upgrade
16、the buildings support systems to IB standards. 3、 History The IB concept surfaced in the early 80s and generally advocated extensive use of elaborate centralized electronic systems to facilitate control of building support and communication systems for voice and data. The initial concept promoted co
17、mmunication networks to allow centralized word processing services and limited interaction between individual occupants and the Building Automation Systems through touch tone phones to override local HVAC set points and lighting schedules.Builders and owners were pressured to develop intelligent bui
18、ldings, in spite of the high premium costs, at that time, for prestige reasons and for enhanced rental potential. The Building Automation System and the Communication System industry as well as other specialized interest groups soon developed specific products and applications to meet and facilitate
19、 the implementation of the Intelligent Building concept. These developments coupled to the burgeoning Personal Computer market development have since reduced cost premiums drastically and greatly improved the ensuing benefits for Intelligent Buildings.The IB concept is now well accepted and applied in
