1、吉林化工学院毕业设计外文翻译 1 英文原文 : Design for Modularity: Product Design for Decomposition and Integration ABSTRACT In the last few years, corporation has engaged in studies to improve their design processes, ranging from marketing to support. Recent government, academic and industrial sector initiatives have
2、sought advance technologies for developing and managing product development environment. Many companies have established a concurrent design process for their product development and have recognized a need for tools in evaluating the level of decomposition and integration, while analyzing the impact
3、 on the final design. This article will propose a three-phase methodology for design of products while considering modularity, assembly and manufacture. KEYWORDS Modularity, Group technology, Optimization, Decomposition, Classification 1. Introduction Modular design is a design technique that can be
4、 used to develop complex products using similar components . Components used in a modular product must have features that enable them to be coupled together to form a complex product. Modular design can be also viewed as the process of producing units that perform discrete functions, and then the un
5、its are connected together to provide a variety of functions. Modular design emphasizes the minimization of interactions between components, which will enable components to be designed and produced independently from each other. Each component, designed for modularity, is supposed to support one or
6、more function. When components are structured together, to form a product, they will support a larger or general function. This shows the 吉林化工学院毕业设计外文翻译 2 importance of analyzing the product function and decomposing it into sub-functions that can be satisfied by different functional modules. Modular
7、ity can be applied in the product design, design problems, production systems, or all three. It is preferable to use the modular design in all three types at the same time. Modular products refer to products that fulfill various overall functions through the combination of distinct building blocks o
8、r modules. In the sense that the overall function, performed by the product, can be divided into sub functions that can be implemented by different modules or components. An important aspect of modular products is the creation of a basic core unit to which different elements (modules) can be fitted,
9、 thus enabling a variety of versions of the same module to be produced. The core should have sufficient capacity to cope with all expected variations in performance and usage. Most design problems can be broken down into a set of easy to manage simpler sub-problems. Sometimes complex problems are re
10、duced into easier sub-problems, where a small change in the solution of one sub-problem can lead to a change in other sub-problems solutions. This means that the decomposition has resulted in functionally dependent sub-problems. Modularity focuses on decomposing the overall problem into functionally
11、 independent sub-problems, in which interaction or interdependence between sub-problems is minimized. Thus, a change in the solution of one problem may lead to a minor modification in other problems, or it may have no effect on other sub-problems. Modularity in production systems aims at building pr
12、oduction systems from standardized modular machines. The fact that a wide diversity of production requirements exists has led to the introduction of a variety of production machinery, and a lack of agreement on what the building blocks should be. This means that there are no standards for modular ma
13、chinery. In order to build a modular production system, production machinery must be classified into functional groups from which a selection of a modular production system can be made to respond to different production requirements. Rogers classified production machinery into four basic groups of “
14、primitive” production elements. These are process machine primitives, motion units, modular fixtures, and configurable 吉林化工学院毕业设计外文翻译 3 control units. It is argued that if a selection is made from these four categories, it will be possible to build a diverse range of efficient, automated and integra
15、ted production system. 2 Overview of Product Development Product development is a necessary and important part of the activities performed by a manufacturing firm. Due to changes in manufacturing technology, consumer preferences, and government regulations (to name a few influences), existing produc
16、ts will become less profitable over time. The sales volume of a typical product starts slowly, accelerates, becomes flat, and then steadily declines. Although there may be a few products that remain profitable for many years, firms continually develop new products that will generate more profits. Pr
17、oduct development determines what the firm will manufacture and sell. That is, it attempts to design products that customers will buy and to design manufacturing processes that meet customer demand profitably. Poor decisions during product development lead to products that no one wants to buy and pr
18、oducts that are expensive to manufacture in sufficient quantity. A product development process is the set of activities needed to bring a new product to market. A product development organization includes the engineers, managers, and other personnel who make process and product engineering decisions
19、 and perform these activities. (Note that, in this paper, the term new product covers the redesign of an existing product as well.) Because making good decisions requires expertise and an organization of people can be experts in only a few things, a manufacturing firm specializes in a certain class
20、of products. It focuses its attention on the market for that class of products, the technologies available to produce that class, and the regulations relevant to that class. Like other parts of the business, a product development organization seeks to maximize the profit of the manufacturing firm subject to the relevant regulatory and ethical constraints and other conditions that the firms owners impose based on their values. A product development organization does this by regularly introducing new products that the
