1、英文原文： Ultrasonic distance sensor Design Principles: Ultrasonic sensor is developed from the use of the characteristics of ultrasonic sensors.Higher frequency ultrasound is a mechanical acoustic waves, the transducer excitation voltage of the chip occurs in the vibration, and it has a high frequency,
2、 short wavelength, diffraction is small, especially the direction of good, to be the ray and the orientationcommunication and so on.Ultrasound on liquids and solids through a great ability, especially in opaque solids in the sun, which can penetrate tens of meters in depth.Ultrasonic impurities or s
3、ub-interface will encounter a significant reflection reflection into the echo formation, hit moving objects can produce the Doppler effect.Therefore widely used in industrial ultrasonic inspection, defense, biomedical and other aspects of the ultrasound as a means of detection, must generate and rec
4、eive ultrasound ultrasound.To fulfill this function the device is ultrasonic sensors, traditionally known as the ultrasonic transducer or ultrasonic probe. The main performance indicators of ultrasonic sensors: Ultrasound probe is the core of its plastic jacket or a piece of metal in the piezoelectr
5、ic jacket.Constitute the chip can have many kinds of materials.Chip size, such as diameter and thickness also vary, so the performance of each probe is different, we used to know it in advance before the performance.The main performance indicators of ultrasonic sensors include: (1) operating frequen
6、cy.Frequency is the resonant frequency of the piezoelectric wafer.When added to the AC voltage across it, and the frequency of the resonant frequency of the chip are equal, the maximum energy output, sensitivity is highest.(2) operating temperature.Since the Curie point of piezoelectric materials ge
7、nerally high, particularly when using the power of diagnostic ultrasound probe small, so the temperature is relatively low, you can work long hours without producing failure.Medical ultrasound probe temperature is relatively high, requiring a separate cooling device.(3) sensitivity.Depends primarily
8、 on manufacturing the chip itself.Electromechanical coupling coefficient, high sensitivity； the other hand, low sensitivity. Structure and Working Principle: When voltage is applied to piezoelectric ceramic, it will with the voltage and frequency of changes in the mechanical deformation.On the other
9、 hand, when the vibration of piezoelectric ceramics, it will generate a charge.Using this principle, when given by the two piezoelectric ceramic or a piezoelectric ceramic and a vibrator, sheet metal, the so-called bimorph element called the imposition of an electrical signal, it will emit ultrasoni
10、c vibration due to bending.Conversely, when applied to the bimorph ultrasonic devices, it will generate an electrical signal.Based on the above role, it can be used as a piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic sensors.Such as ultrasonic sensors, a compound vibrator was flexibility on a fixed base.The vibra
11、tor is a composite resonator, and by a metal plate and a piezoelectric bimorph element consisting of a combination vibrator.Resonator and trumpets the purpose of effective radiation generated by the ultrasonic vibrations, and can effectively make ultrasonic vibrator gathered in a central location.Ou
12、tdoor uses ultrasonic sensors must have a good seal in order to prevent dew, rain and dust intrusion.Piezoelectric ceramic is fixed on the top of the metal box inside the body.Base fixed in the open end of box, and covered with resin.Of ultrasonic sensors for industrial robots, the requirements to a
13、chieve an accuracy of 1mm, and has strong ultrasonic radiation.Components using conventional bimorph bending vibration of the vibrator, in the case of frequencies above 70kHz, it is impossible to achieve this purpose.Therefore, in the high-frequency probe, you must use the vertical thickness vibrati
14、on mode piezoelectric ceramic.In this case, the acoustic impedance of piezoelectric ceramics and the air becomes very important match.Acoustic impedance of piezoelectric ceramic 2.6 107kg/m2s, while the acoustic impedance of air is 4.3102kg/m2s.5different power piezoelectric vibration will result in
15、 substantial losses of radiation on the surface.Adhesion of a special material on the piezoelectric ceramic, matching layers, as the sound can be achieved with air impedance match.This structure allows up to several hundred kHz ultrasonic sensors in the frequency of the circumstances, still be able
16、to work properly. Ultrasonic distance sensor technology and application of the principle: Ultrasonic distance sensor can be widely used in Level (level) monitoring, robot collision avoidance, a variety of ultrasonic proximity switches, and related areas such as anti-theft alarm, reliable, easy insta
17、llation, waterproof, small launch angle, high sensitivity,display instruments to facilitate connections with industry, also provides a larger probe launch angle.1, ultrasonic range finder: ultra-high energy acoustic ranging techniques to ultrasonic distance measurement techniques have been major bre
18、akthroughs, it not only broadens the applications of ultrasonic distance measurement technology (for very poor working conditions), and the use of smart regulation technology,greatly improve the reliability of ultrasonic products, and performance indicators, allowing users to worry about without loo
19、king back.Excellent echo processing technology ,5-50KHZ of ultra high strength level meter wave frequency to the maximum range up to 120 meters for medium temperature is -20 -+175 .Intelligent automatic adjustment made wave frequency, automatic temperature compensation function to work more stable a
20、nd reliable.HpAWK series also has a flexible work (the power supply for 12VDC, 24VDC, 110VAC, 220VAC； two / three / four-wire system can be freely combined in the same instrument.It also has advanced remote GSM, CDMA, Internet debugging features, enabling users to readily available technical support
21、. 中文译文 : 超声波距离传感器 设计原理 : 超声波传感器是利用超声波的特性研制而成的传感器。超声波是一种振动频率高于声波的机械波，由换能晶片在电压的激励下发生振动产生的，它具有频率高、波长短、绕射现象小，特别是方向性好、能够成为射线而定向传播等特点。超声波对液体、固体的穿透本领很大，尤其是在阳光不透明的固体中，它可穿透几十米的深度。超声波碰到杂质或分界面会产生显著反射形成反射成回波，碰到活动物体能产生多普勒效应。因此超声波检测广泛应用在工业、国防、生物 医学等方面以超声波作为检测手段，必须产生超声波和接收超声波。完成这种功能的装置就是超声波传感器，习惯上称为超声换能器，或者超声探头。 超
22、声波传感器的主要性能指标 : 超声探头的核心是其塑料外套或者金属外套中的一块压电晶片。构成晶片的材料可以有许多种。晶片的大小，如直径和厚度也各不相同，因此每个探头的性能是不同的，我们使用前必须预先了解它的性能。超声波传感器的主要性能指标包括：（ 1）工作频率。工作频率就是压电晶片的共振频率。当加到它两端的交流电压的频率和晶片的共振频率相等时，输出的能量最大，灵敏度也最高。（ 2） 工作温度。由于压电材料的居里点一般比较高，特别时诊断用超声波探头使用功率较小，所以工作温度比较低，可以长时间地工作而不产生失效。医疗用的超声探头的温度比较高，需要单独的制冷设备。（ 3）灵敏度。主要取决于制造晶片本身
23、。机电耦合系数大，灵敏度高；反之，灵敏度低。 结构与工作原理 : 当电压作用于压电陶瓷时，就会随电压和频率的变化产生机械变形。另一方面，当振动压电陶瓷时，则会产生一个电荷。利用这一原理，当给由两片压电陶瓷或一片压电陶瓷和一个金属片构成的振动器，所谓叫双压电晶片元件，施加一个电信号时，就会因弯曲振动发射出超声波。相反，当向双压电晶片元件施加超声振动时，就会产生一个电信号。基于以上作用，便可以将压电陶瓷用作超声波传感器。如超声波传感器，一个复合式振动器被灵活地固定在底座上。该复合式振动器是谐振器以及，由一个金属片和一个压电陶瓷片组成的双压电晶片元件振动器的一个结合体。谐振器呈 喇叭形，目的是能有效地辐射由于振动而产生的超
