1、 本科毕业 论文 外文文献及 译文 文献、资料题目： The Fire Safety Design Of Apartment Building 文献、资料来源： Journal of Asian Architecte and Auilding Engineering 文献、资料发表（出版）日期： 2006.08 院 （部）： 市政与环境工程学院 专 业： 给水排水工程 班 级： 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师： 翻译日期： 2008、 06XX 建筑大学毕业设计外文文献及翻译 - 2 - 外文文献 ： THE FIRE SAFETY DESIGN OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS I
2、n most fire engineered buildings, intervention of the fire brigade is not usually considered.The fire brigade provides the last line of attack on a fire, and usually the last opportunity tofind and rescue occupants. The intervention of the fire brigade is highly dependent on themreceiving an alarm o
3、r notification of a fire. The role of the fire brigade is important in an apartment fire as they can: Fight, suppress and extinguish the fire Perform search and rescue operations Externally rescue occupants Control evacuation via the EWIS system or lifts Perform first aid Reassure occupants For the
4、fire brigade to perform their jobs properly they require: Adequate site access Adequate water supplies Suitably located fire system control centres and indicator panels Controls for lifts Protection from structural failure for an appropriate length of time The Australian and New Zealand building cod
5、es and standards provide design criteria for theabove requirements. Successful fire brigade intervention can be achieved with pre-planning,early alarm, rapid response and the provision of sufficient labour and equipment to deal withthe hazard (Beck et al, 1992). The time for the fire brigade to arri
6、ve and extinguish the fire is influenced by the followingcomponents: Time to detection of fire. Either by automatic systems or people (Buchanan, 1996). Time to notification of fire brigade (Buchanan, 1996). Fire brigade travel time (Buchanan, 1996). XX 建筑大学毕业设计外文文献及翻译 - 3 - Access and search time fo
7、r all floors (Buchanan, 1996). Fire brigade setup time Fire attack time (Buchanan, 1996). The Fire Engineering Guidelines (FCRC, 1996) contains a “Fire Brigade Communicationand Response” model which provides guidance on assessing the response of the fire brigade.The following fire brigade times are
8、95th percentile times taken from the FEG (FCRC, 1996). Time (minutes) Environment Arrival Set up City 10 20 Country 20 15 In a non-evacuation strategy, the fire brigade maybe relied upon to suppress and extinguish the fire. Therefore notification and arrival times are crucial. The arrival of the fir
9、e brigade may also be crucial in an emergency strategy where they arerequired to communicate with the occupants or assist the evacuation. If communication withoccupants is vital to the emergency strategy, appropriately trained wardens should takecharge prior to the arrival of the fire brigade. The i
10、ntervention of the fire brigade needs to be negotiated with the approval authority orAuthority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ) and fire brigade. The times for intervention need to beagreed upon by all relevant stakeholders. The activities of the fire brigade can be aided through sensible designs and archi
11、tecture. Forexample, location of hydrants, hose reels and fire indicator panels should be designed suchthat they assist the operations of the fire brigade. Some of the problems faced by the fire brigade during a fire are: fighting the fire whilstassisting the evacuation, access to the fire floor bei
12、ng restricted with evacuating occupantsand reduced effectiveness due to fatigue after climbing stairs. 8 BUILDING AND EGRESS CHARACTERISTICS The building and egress characteristics are two of the most influential variables on the evacuation strategy and fire safety measures provided in a building. The primary
