1、 附录 A 外文翻译 -原文部分 Recycling of scrap copper China as the largest developing country in the world, in realizing industrialized process especially in keeping Tao Min economy in the process of rapid development of non-ferrous metals demand is very, especially copper its supply is very tight. Copper shor
2、tage is to restrict our country copper processing industry is one of the main factors. The 2011 world copper output is 20000000 t about, among them 85% to 90% from the copper extraction and smelting out 10% 15% from Cu recycling. So the copper recycling industry becom the important way for copper re
3、sources shortage.In view of present situation of copper scrap copper resources and Renewable investment, low energy consumption and cost, little pollution and has simple process and other characteristics, copper scrap recycling in China by mushroom considered. 1 Chinese copper demand and resource st
4、atus 1.1 Chinese copper demand At present, China has become the worlds largest consumer of copper, copper processing industry manufacturing base and the copper base product export country. Our country is in the world of refined copper consumption growth is the rapiddest, the average growth rate is2.
5、4 times of world, especially since 2000, an average annual increase of about300000 t, become pull move consumption growth in the major countries of world copper. Copper are mainly used for electric power, electrical and electronics, machinery manufacturing, construction, transportation and other ind
6、ustries. With the rapid development of automobile industry, the state of rural electrified wire netting transform, especially copper shortage. In 2010December the national development and Reform Commission report, in construction, automotive and other industries to speed the development of drive, Ch
7、ina copper consumption showed a steady upward trend, demand growth is much higher than the growth rate of the Chinese alligator. 1.2 of Chinas copper resources Copper resources shortage is Chinas copper industry the most outstanding problem, industry of our country copper smelting capacity greatly e
8、xceeds the guarantee ability of copper concentrate. Chinas copper base reserves30420000 resources, resources total 62180000t. Copper mine reserves and foreign comparable part, not exceeding 18000000 t12J, ranking seventh in the world. But from tell on the whole, the copper resources in China is stil
9、l very poor ( Especially the lack of rich copper ), and foreign copper resource countries still have quite big difference. Chinas domestic copper concentrate supply is less than 30%, more than 70% of the need to rely on imports. Copper resources in China is characterized by small deposits, large, su
10、perlarge deposit less. The characteristics of the hill of our country copper mine construction dimensions slants generally small, and after several decades of intensive mining, their reserves at a substantially reduced, some even have almost been exhausted. Notably, Chinas copper reserves most of th
11、em have been developed, the future there is a part of capacity to disappear. Resource of our country copper is another characteristic of ore, ore less, complex polymetallic ore, copper ore less single. The average grade of 0.78% copper, copper grade of more than 1% high grade copper reserves account
12、ed for only36%, and the Underground mine, open pit mine is little, poor mining conditions. Chinas copper resources are very unevenly distributed, mainly in the southwest of Sanjiang, Yangtze River, southeast is coastal, Qin Qikun metallogenic belt and Jilin and Liaoning Eastern Gangdese metallogenic
13、 belt, Tibet. To provide alternative resources mining is mostly located in economy relatively backward center-west region, exterior construction condition difference, scale mining requires a certain amount of time, so the mine production of copper mineral of copper content to increase, will graduall
14、y decline. 2 recycling of scrap copper status According to the China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association, in 2004, Chinas recycling scrap copper1160000 T, occupy the copper consumption 28%, not including copper and copper products factory direct recycle corner than expected and the imperfection o
15、f about 1000000 t.2004domestic recycling copper360000 T,171 into the copper scrap3960000t (equivalent to belong to base800000 t ). According to the 2003China copper raw materials and products in the V1number display of copper into the F1growth is the rapiddest, reached 25%, copper concentrate in8% V
16、I growth, cathode copper into a 12% fall in El. In 2006 I because of refined copper output is 3000000 T, and scrap copper include N and gang in the recovery of the already amounted to 5620000 t ( copper scrap metal Dong a total of approximately1680000 t ). Copper scrap recycling and trading status o
17、f copper market will produce bigger and bigger effect. Chinas most economically developed areas in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Bohai is the most in short supply of copper mineral resources in the region, is also our country renewable copper and copper processing production the bigges
18、t area. 80% of the countrys copper processing enterprises located in three regions,75% of the countrys annual recycling of scrap copper. The three to ninth regenerated copper industry has its own characteristics: the Pearl River Delta region are mainly imported waste dismantling, classification, sal
19、es copper materials； Yangtze River Delta IX represented Zhejiang, the use of copper production of copper and brass products； of area of annulus Bohai mainly in Tianjin, has more than 200warehouse industry the use of copper wire and cable production. In the copper use, can be divided into direct and
20、indirect use of two by According to estimation, copper by plus J:, about L / 3to fine copper returned form market, namely through the anode furnace smelting production of electrolytic copper, often called the regeneration of copper； the other2/ 3with a refined copper or copper alloy form Xia new A c
21、onnection for use, production of copper or copper alloy products. 3 copper scrap classification Copper according to the different stages, can be divided into: industrial production process resulting in a copper, produced during the processing of new copper, consumers use after the old copper three c
22、lass； (1) a copper. As substandard anode cathode and anode material, waste. These wastes are not deep processing or selling, it is usually to return to the previous step, substandard copper usually Xia new return export converter or anode furnace for refining, defective material is melting and recas
23、ting. (2) The new copper. New copper refers to new trim or internally generated copper factory. This copper is produced during machining, it with a copper the main difference lies in the alloy or covering of CHO could have been doped. (3) The old copper. The old copper is abandoned, used or external
24、ly generated scrap copper. It comes from has reached its limit the use of the product. According to scrap copper copper amount is different, also can be divided for copper: (1) The L copper. This copper copper in the lowest content is 99%, the minimum diameter or thickness of 1.6 mm. L copper includ
25、ing cable, heavy copper ( cutting chip, chip, a bus bar piercing ) and wire nodules. (2) No. 2copper. This copper copper in the minimum content of 96%, with the line, heavy copper or nodular form, and contains several other restrictions. (3) low copper. The minimum amount of copper scrap copper92%,
26、the composition of pure copper, pure copper surface paint or coating (drain pipes,) or had been heavily oxidized (4) refining brass products. This include various types of components in mixed alloy of copper, the minimum amount of copper is 61.3%, other less restrictive. (5) Copper containing waste.
27、 This type includes all low copper content of raw materials, such as slag, slag, sludge, return material, powder and other waste. 4copper processing 4.1wire and cable processing Wire and cable so far is the old copper in a most general kind. Scrap wire, cable recycling is mainly to make copper wire
28、and an insulating layer separation, there are four main ways: (1) mechanical separation, the law can be divided into two types. The debarking machine processing method, this method is suitable for processing the thickness of basically the same wires. This process has the following characteristics: c
29、an be used for comprehensive recovery of scrap wire and cable and copper in an embedding material, comprehensive utilization level is higher； the output of the copper shavings contain substantially no plastic, reducing the melting plastic pollution of the atmosphere； and has the advantages of simple process, easy to mechanization and automation； process higher electricity consumption, the blade wear. The method is suitable for processing thick cables and wires. (2) Iow temperature freezing method, low temperature processing waste recycling metals and insulators in the process the
