1、 本科生毕业设计 （论文） 外文翻译 题 目 管理信息系统的定义 及功能 姓 名 李黎 学 号 408105010221 学 院 管理科学与工程 专 业 信息管理与信息系统 指导教师 索贵彬 2012 年 4 月 21 日 2 Management information System Management Information Systems ( MIS ),are information systems, typically computer based, that are used within an organization. WordNet described an informa
2、tion system as” a system consisting of the network of all communication channels used within an organization”. An information system consists of all the components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data or information. It usually includes hardware, software, people, communication systems suc
3、h as telephone lines, network cables, and the data itself. The activities involved include inputting data, processing of data into information, storage of data and information, and the production of outputs such as management reports. As an area of study it is commonly referred to as information tec
4、hnology management. The study of information systems is usually a commerce and business administration discipline, and frequently involves software engineering, but also distinguishes itself by concentrating on the integration of computer systems with the aims of the organization. The area of study
5、should not be confused with Computer Science which is more theoretical and mathematical in nature or with Computer Engineering which is more engineering. In business, information systems support business processes and operations, support decision making, and support competitive strategies. The funct
6、ional support role The business processes and operations support function is the most basic. It involves collecting, recording, storing, and basic processing of data. Information systems support business processes and operations by the following ways. 1) Recording and storing sales data, purchase da
7、ta, investment data, payroll data and other accounting records. 2) Processing these accounting records into income statements, balance sheets, ledgers, management reports, and other forms of financial information. 3) Recording and storing inventory data, work in process data, equipment repair and ma
8、intenance data, supply chain data, and other production/operations records. 4) Processing these operations records into production schedules, production controllers, inventory systems, and production monitoring systems. 5) Recording and storing personnel data, salary data, employment histories, and
9、other human resources records. 6) Processing theses human resources records into employee expense reports, and performance based reports. 7) Recording and storing market data, customer profiles, customer purchase histories, marketing research data, advertising data, and other marketing records. 8) P
10、rocessing these marketing records into advertising elasticity reports, marketing plans, and sales activity reports. 9) Recording and storing business intelligence data, competitor analysis data, 3 industry data, corporate objectives, and other strategic management records. 10) Processing these strat
11、egic management records into industry trends reports, market share reports, mission statements, and portfolio models. 11) Use of all the above to implement, control, and monitor plans, strategies, tactics, new products, new business models or new business ventures. 管理信息系统 管理信息系统，是主要基于计算机技术而供某组织内部使用的
12、一种信息系统。我们可以将信息管理系统理解为“在某组织内部使用的所有相关信息的网络集成”。 一个信息系统是由收集、管理和传递数据或信息的所有元素所构成。他通常包括硬件、软件、人以及诸如电话线、网线和数据本身等组成的通讯系统。涉及的操作包括数据输入，处理数据使之转化成信息，存储数据和信息以及产生比如管理报告这样的输出。 在研究领域他通常是指一种信息技术管理。信息系统研究的通常是涉及商业和商务管理 的学科，大多包括软件工程的内容。但是信息系统集中于将公司内部的计算机系统整合，这又与软件工程有很大不同。信息管理系统领域不同于本质上非常理论化和数字化的计算机科学，也不同于更加工程化的计算机工程。 在商务
13、领域，信息管理的应用可以支持商务运行、决策甚至竞争性策略的制定。 功能性的支持角色 它的最基本功能是支持商务运营。它包括数据的收集、记录、存储和基本处理。信息系统通过如下途径支持商务运营。 1. 记录和存储销售数据、购买数据、投资数据、工资数据和其他的会计记录。 2. 将这些会计记录整理成收入表，结余表，分类表，经营报告和其他形式的财务信息。 3. 记录和存储存储库数据，在制品数据，设备修理和维护数据，供应链数据和其他的生产运营记录。 4. 通过这些运营记录制定产品订单，产品管理和存货系统以及产品监控系统。 5. 记录和存储个人数据、薪水数据、从业经历以及其他的人力资源记录。 6. 将员工的人力资源记录 整理成员工消费表员工评估报告。 7. 记录和存储销售数据、消费者数据、消费者购买史，销售调研数据、广告数据及其他的市场数据。 8. 依据这些销售数据制定未来的灵活性的预测数据，销售数据和可能的销售预测报告。 9. 制定和存储商务情报数据，竞争者分析数据，工业数据，公司目标和其他的战略管理记录 10.分析这些战略管理记录，制定工业趋势报告，市场份额报告，目标陈诉及投资组合设计。 11.运用上面提到的所有资料去执行、控制和监督各种计划、策略、新产品、新的交易模式和新的商业机会。
