1、外文资料翻译 第 1 页 毕业设计数控机床外文翻译 The Numerical Control Engine Bed Transforms Harvey B.M ackey First numerical control system development summary brief history and tendency In 1946 the first electronic accounting machine was born in the world, this indicated the humanity created has been possible to strengt
2、hen and partially to replace the mental labor the tool. It with the humanity these which in the agriculture, the industry society created only is strengthens the physical labor the tool to compare, got up the quantitive leap, entered the information society for the humanity to lay the foundation. Af
3、ter 6 years, in 1952, computer technology applied to the engine bed , the first numerical control engine bed were born in US. From this time on, the traditional engine bed has had the archery target change. Since nearly half century, the numerical control system has experienced two stages and six ge
4、neration of development. 1.1 Numerical control (NC) stage (1952 1970) The early computer operating speed is low, was not big to then science computation and the data processing influence, but could not adapt the engine bed real-time control request. The people can not but use numeral logic circuit t
5、o build to become an engine bed special purpose computer to take the numerical control system, is called the hardware connection numerical control (HARD-WIRED NC), Jian Chengwei numerical control (NC). Along with the primary device development, this stage has had been through repeatedly three genera
6、tions, namely 1952 first generation of - electron tube； 1959 second generation of - transistor； 1965 third generation - small scale integration electric circuit. 1.2 Computer numerical control (CNC) stage (in 1970 present) In 1970, the general minicomputer already appeared and the mass production. T
7、hereupon transplants it takes the numerical control system the core part, from this time on entered the computer numerical control (CNC) the stage (which should have computer in front of the general two characters to abbreviate). In 1971, American INTEL Corporation in the world first time the comput
8、er two most cores part - logic units and the controller, used the large scale 外文资料翻译 第 2 页 integrated circuit technology integration on together the chip, called it the microprocessor (MICROPROCESSOR), also might be called the central processing element (to be called CPU). The microprocessor is appl
9、ied to 1974 in the numerical control system. This is because minicomputer function too strong, controlled an engine bed ability to have wealthily (therefore once uses in controlling the multi- Taiwan engine bed at that time, called it group control), was inferior to used the microprocessor economy t
10、o be reasonable. Moreover then small machine reliability was not ideal. The early microprocessor speed and the function although insufficiently are also high, but may solve through the multi-processor structure. Because the microprocessor is the general-purpose calculator core part, therefore still
11、was called the computer numerical control. In 1990, PC machine (personal computer, domestic custom had called microcomputer) the performance has developed to the very high stage, may satisfiedly take the numerical control system core part the request. The numerical control system henceforth entered
12、based on the PC stage. In brief, the computer numerical control stage has also experienced three generations. Namely 1970 fourth generation of - minicomputer； 1974 five dynasties - microprocessor and 1990 sixth generation - (overseas was called PC-BASED) based on PC. Also must point out, although ov
13、erseas already renamed as the computer numerical control (namely CNC). Also must point out, although overseas already renamed as the computer numerical control (namely CNC), but our country still the custom called the numerical control (NC). Therefore we daily say numerical control, the materially a
14、lready was refers to computer numerical control. 1.3 the numerical control future will develop tendency 1.3.1 open style continues to, to develop based on the PC sixth generation of direction The software and hardware resources has which based on PC are rich and so on the characteristic, the more nu
15、merical controls serial production factory can step onto this path. Uses PC machine to take at least its front end machine, processes the man-machine contact surface, the programming, the association Question and so on net correspondence, undertakes the numerical control duty by the original system.
16、 PC machine has the friendly man-machine contact surface, will popularize to all 外文资料翻译 第 3 页 numerical controls system. The long-distance communication, the long-distance diagnosis and the service will be more common. 1.3.2 approaches and the high accuracy development This is adapts the engine bed
17、to be high speed and the high accuracy direction need to develop. 1.3.3 develops to the intellectualized direction Along with the artificial intelligence in the computer domain unceasing seepage and the development, the numerical control system intellectualized degree unceasingly will enhance. (1) a
18、pplies the adaptive control technology The numerical control system can examine in the process some important information, and the automatic control system related parameter, achieves the improvement system running status the goal. (2) introduces the expert system instruction processing The skilled
19、worker and experts experience, the processing general rule and the special rule store in the system, take the craft parameter database as the strut, the establishment has the artificial intelligence the expert system. (3) introduces the breakdown to diagnose the expert system (4) intellectualized nu
20、meral servo drive May through the automatic diagnosis load, but the automatic control parameter, causes the actuation system to obtain the best movement. Second, engine bed numerical control transformation necessity 2.1 microscopic looks at the transformation the necessity From on microscopic looked
21、 below that, the numerical control engine bed has the prominent superiority compared to the traditional engine bed, moreover these superiority come from the computer might which the numerical control system contains. 2.1.1 may process the traditional engine bed cannot process the curve, the curved surface and so on the complex components. Because the computer has the excellent operation ability, may the instant accurately calculate
