1、烟 台 大 学 毕 业 设 计 1 文献翻译 On the external wall insulation technology and energy saving materials Abstract as the energy conservation and protect environment requirements of the continuous improvement, building maintenance structure heat preservation technology is also increasing, especially in exterior
2、 wall insulation technology has made great progress, and become an important building energy saving technology. At present, the building is often used in external wall insulation are mainly within the insulation, insulation and other methods, according to the development of new technologies, new ene
3、rgy-saving materials should be developed and utilized, so as to really implement building energy conservation. Key words external wall insulation building materials energy-saving building Building energy saving is the implementation of the national environmental protection and energy conservation po
4、licy is the main content, it is to carry out the sustainable development of the national economy important component. The national Ministry of construction in1995 promulgated the rules for the implementation of city building energy saving and other documents, the energy conservation design standard
5、for residential buildings partial JGJ26-95as a mandatory standard, at the same time, the Ministry of construction and was released in October 1, 2000seventy-sixth called regulation of civil building energy saving, do not conform to the standard of energy saving project, shall not approved for constr
6、uction. In such a series of energy-saving policies, regulations, standards and mandatory guidance, Chinas energy-saving housing construction work unceasingly thorough, continuously improve the energy efficiency standards, the introduction of the development of many new energy-saving technology and m
7、aterials, vigorously promote the use of residential buildings. But our countrys current level of building energy conservation, but also far lower than developed countries, Chinas building energy consumption per unit area is still a climate similar to the developed countries 3 times to 5 times. Const
8、ruction energy conservation is Chinas construction industry is an important task. One, external wall thermal insulation technology Energy saving thermal insulation wall construction technology mainly divided into exterior wall internal insulation and exterior wall insulation in two categories. 1inte
9、rnal insulation technology and its characteristics. Within the external wall insulation construction, in the exterior wall structure with internal heat insulation layer. 烟 台 大 学 毕 业 设 计 2 Thermal insulation in the construction speed is fast, convenient and flexible operation, can ensure the construc
10、tion progress. Internal insulation application time is long, the technology is mature, construction technology and inspection standard is perfect. In 2001the construction of external wall insulation in about 90% of the engineering application of internal insulation technology. To be popularized in l
11、arge area of internal insulation technology : reinforced gypsum composite polystyrene insulation board, polymer mortar composite polystyrene insulation board, reinforced cement composite polystyrene insulation panels, interior wall decoration with polystyrene board plastering gypsum and wipe with pa
12、rticles of polystyrene insulation slurry and anti-crack mortar is pressed into the mesh approach. But the internal insulation will occupy the area of use, bridge is not easy to solve, easy to crack, but also affects the construction speed, influence dweller decoration two, and the inner wall hanging
13、 and fixing it easy to break the internal insulation structure. Internal insulation technology of irrationality, it would be replaced by external insulation. 2external insulation technology and its characteristics. External insulation is currently promoting a building energy-saving insulation techno
14、logy. The outer and inner thermal insulation, reasonable technology, has its obvious advantages, the use of the same specification, the same size and insulation material, insulation than the inner heat preservation effect is good. External thermal insulation technology applies not only to new constr
15、uction, also apply to the transformation of old buildings, applicable to a wide range, with high technical content； external insulation package in the main structure of the lateral, to protect the main structure, prolongs the service life of buildings； effectively reduces the thermal bridges in buil
16、ding construction, increase the construction of effective space； while eliminating condensation, improve the living comfort. (1) external external thermal insulation external insulation materials of rock ( ore) cotton, glass cotton Mat, polystyrene foam board ( referred to as polystyrene board, EPS,
17、 XPS ), ceramisite concrete composite polystyrene insulation board, stone decorative wire mesh frame sandwich wallboard. The polystyrene board has excellent physical properties and cheap cost, already all over the world within the external wall insulation plug technology is widely used in. The plug-
18、in technology is the use of adhesive mortar or special fasteners, thermal insulation material affixed hanging on the wall, then wipe the anti-cracking mortar, press glass fiber grid cloth to form a protective layer, finally combined with decorative surface. This type of external insulation installat
19、ion is time-consuming, difficult construction, and the construction period to be occupied dominant, main body after the inspection to construction. In the 烟 台 大 学 毕 业 设 计 3 high-rise construction, the safety of construction personnel is not easy to be guaranteed. (2) polystyrene plate wall of a cast
20、ing molding The technique is in the concrete frame shear wall system the polyphenyl board built in building templates, in the gating of the wall outside, then pouring the concrete, concrete and polystyrene board in a casting molding for composite wall. The technology to solve the external insulation
21、 problems, its advantage is very obvious. Because the outer wall body with insulation layer of a survival, efficiency, significantly shortening the construction period, and the construction personnel safety assured. But when construction in winter, polystyrene board insulation effect, can reduce the
22、 peripheral wall heat preservation measures. But in the concrete to uniform, continuous casting, or because the concrete lateral pressure effect will cause the polystyrene board in Chaimo after deformation and staggered stubble, affect the order of the construction. All kinds of insulation technolog
23、y and advantages 1, expanded polystyrene board and thin plastering and reinforced by glass fiber approach and advantages It is currently in use in our country most one kind of external insulation wall, wherein the polystyrene board in the primary wall fixed in one of three ways:1) by bonding mortar
24、fixed；2) using a mechanical fixture fixed；3) more than two kinds of fixed combination. This approach has the following advantages:1) because it is in Europe and the United States have been in use for nearly thirty years, in the United States have built high up to 44 layers, therefore. This technolog
25、y already formed a system, the bonding layer, heat-insulating layer and facing layer supporting the use, more mature technical documents；2) due to the expanded polystyrene insulation materials, the price is very expensive, so that the whole system of moderate price. Convenient user acceptance；3) no
26、complex construction technology, construction unit after a brief training, can grasp the essentials for construction, technology promotion；4) it set insulation, waterproofing and decoration function in a body, has the advantages of multiple functions；5) the whole system has good weatherability, good
27、 waterproof and water vapor permeability；6) a variety of color and texture of the surface coating for selection, and the entire system supporting the use of. At present. This approach in Beijing, Northeast China and other places has been widely applied, Beijing Yu Garden, Wolong garden, the Ministry
28、 of construction of C eight, C ten buildings transformation and many other engineering, have adopted this approach. However, due to expansion polystyrene against termites, termite in areas not available； due to the construction of environmental temperature of 4 degrees, not suitable for winter construction.
