1、本科毕业论文 外文文献及译文 文献、资料题目： The impact of land transfer on peasant stratification -An analysis based on a survey of Jingshan country, Hubei province 文献、资料来源： 网络 文献、资料发表（出版）日期： 2000.8 院 （部）： 法学院 专 业： 政治学与行政学 班 级： 政治 08 姓 名： 学 号： 084772212 指导教师： 翻译日期： 外文文献 The impact of land transfer on peasant stratifica
2、tion -An analysis based on a survey of Jingshan country, Hubei province CHEN Baifeng School of Law, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law； Research Center for Rural China Governance, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Abstract: Peasants motivation and purpose for transferring land vary
3、 from time to time. Based on a survey of 10 villages in Jingshan county, Hunan province, this article finds that the specificforms of rural land transfer include active long-term transfer, passive long-term transfer and short-term transfer. Land transfer has an important impact on the stratification
4、 of the peasantry. Present institutional arrangements for land ignore the legitimate interests of migrant families and poor and weak villagers and therefore they hold different attitudes toward land tenure institutions than middle peasants do. Based on the conclusions of an empirical analysis, this
5、article puts forward a series of policy recommendations aimed at protecting the land rights of poor and weak peasant households. Keywords: land transfer, stratum, peasant stratification, land tenure arrangement Land transfer is the focus of current debates on the institutional change of land. Many s
6、cholarshave conducted research on the forms, causes and implications of land transfer and havecome upwith measures and countermeasures to standardize the transfer of land. Special attention has beenpaid to the role of land transfer in agrarian restructuring, industrialization, moderate-scale operati
7、on, rural labor transfer and peasant income enhancement. However, such studies rarely involve lands impact on changes in the hierarchical structure of current rural China. Chen Chengwen and Luo Zhongyong (2006) focus on dissecting the overall rural structure and examining the role of land transfer i
8、n reconstructing the rural social structure. Some scholars argue that deregulating the transfer of land will lead to polarization among the peasantry (Wen Tiejun, 2008； Li Changping, 2008), but such an argument is merely a macrojudgment without factual support at the micro level. China is a huge cou
9、ntry with uneven development in rural areas； peasant stratification is anything but a strange phenomenon. Therefore, we shall pay more attention to observing the stratification of the peasantry at the micro level. In classical Marxist theory, the institutional conditions of land are an important bas
10、is of class and stratification. In the 1930s, Chen Hansheng, et al, proceeded with an observation of the land tenure institutions and scientifically substantiated the feudal factor-driven class relations in rural China and the semi-colonial and semi-feudal nature of rural Chinese society. In times o
11、f revolution, Mao Zedong (1982, 1991) also singled out the institutional conditions of land as an important basis of class and stratification. He played a crucial role in understanding Chinese class conditions at that time and justifying the necessity of launching a land revolution. After land refor
12、m was launched in the Peoples Republic of China, land no longer exerted a significant impact on rural class stratification and hence scholars discussed the rural class structure mainly based on occupational stratification (Lu Xueyi, 2002). After the agricultural tax was abolished, farming generated
13、a handsome income for peasants and the impact of land transfer on rural social stratification and peasant stratification became increasingly pronounced. In September 2008, we 2 conducted a survey of 10 villages in two township jurisdictions of Jingshan county, Hubei province. Based on the qualitativ
14、e interview and quantitative statistics, this article attempts to discuss the impact of land transfer on the stratification of the peasantry. I. The complex reality of land transfer After introducing the household contract responsibility system, the ruling Communist Party and government have enacted
15、 a series of policies aimed at permitting and encouraging the transfer of land use rights within the term of contract while stabilizing rural land contract relations. The central government has always intended to realize the transfer of land tenure rights according to law and on a voluntary and comp
16、ensatory basis and to effectively protect the rights and interests of peasants. The reality is, however, very complicated. The motivation, purpose and method of rural land transfer vary from time to time. The actual conditions also vary across rural China. In Jingshan county, land transfer has gone
17、through three different stages: The first stage began in the 1980s. During this period, peasants transferred land before seeking jobs or doing business in cities. The transition to a market economy started early in Jingshan and as a result, land transfer took place earlier here than elsewhere in rural areas of central and western
