1、 1 Fast repair of Bridges 桥梁的快速修复 An old wooden bridge -Petersburg in the replacement of the complete work early this year 圣彼得堡一座旧木桥的更换工作在今年年初完成 St. Petersburg, Russia in the rise of the traffic development level and the requirements of the old prompted a tram track bridge was transformed into a cab
2、le-stayed bridge. New Lazarevsky bridge across malaya and Genevieve card within earlier this year completed and open to traffic, replaced a originally for trams passage but now only for pedestrians walking old wooden bridge. 在俄罗斯的圣彼得堡，崛起的交通水平和发展要求促使一个旧的电车轨道桥被改造为一个斜拉桥。新的 Lazarevsky 大桥横跨马来亚内芙卡，并与今年早些时
3、候建成通车，取代了一座本来供有轨电车通行但是现在只供行人行走的旧木质桥。 The bridge is located in petrograd area, and along with Pionerskaya and Sportivnaya streets will Krestovsky and connected the Petrogradsky islands, both were local transportation hub. It was founded in 1949, when called Koltovsky bridge, Genevieve card within adj
4、acent malaya river. But in 1952, to commemorate the legendary Russian navy admiral mikhail LaZaLieFu embankment and Bridges were renamed, for LaZaLieFu admiral embankment and Lazarevsky bridge. 这座桥坐落于彼得格勒区，并且沿着 Pionerskaya和 Sportivnaya街道将 Krestovsky和 Petrogradsky群岛连接了起来，这两者都是当地的交通枢纽。它始建于 1949年，当时被称为
5、 Koltovsky桥，相邻马来亚内芙卡河堤。但在 1952年，为了纪念传说中的俄罗斯海军上将米哈伊尔拉扎列夫，路堤及桥梁被易名为拉扎列夫海军上将路堤和 Lazarevsky桥。 The bridge Blazhevich engineer design by VV, initially bridge across, the central a is 11 univalent. It was originally designed for the citys tram, and was the only a tram track bridge. Total length is 141m, to
6、tal width to 11m, level by the metal and woodiness material composition. Wood pillar docks built in steel pipe pile foundation. But in 2002, trolley rail is closed, since then, the bridge are only for pedestrians use. 2 这座桥由 VV Blazhevich 工程师设计，最初桥有 11 跨，中央一个是单叶。它最初是设计用于电车，并且是当时该市唯一的一座电车轨道桥。总长度为 141
7、m，总宽度为11m，层面由金属和木质材料组成。木材支柱支撑的码头建在钢管桩基础上。但是在 2002年时，电车轨道被关闭，从那时起，这座桥只供行人使用。 This bridge location meant it services - including the citys west island of Krestovsky petrograd area. All the vehicles to Krestovsky island with the islands main Krestovsky bridge, which naturally leads to the bridge greatl
8、y overloaded. Because Lazarevsky bridge, and no bear vehicle load, so it is not considered the transportation network petrograd part. But, Krestovsky island in victory park plan for a stadium, only 3 kilometers away from the sea, which means that the rest of the city needs a reliable connection. The
9、 local government believes the best way to solve this problem is to rebuild Lazarevsky bridge. 这座桥梁的位置就意味着它服务这座城市的西部 包括 Krestovsky 岛的彼得格勒区。所有到 Krestovsky 岛的车辆都用主要这个岛的 Krestovsky 桥，这自然导致该桥大大超载。由于 Lazarevsky 桥并没有承受车辆荷载，所以它不被认为是彼得格勒区的交通网络的一部分。但是， Krestovsky 岛上计划在 victory 公园里兴建一个体育场，离海边仅有 3 公里，这意味着城市的其余
10、部分需要一个可靠的连接方式。当地政府认为解决这个问题最好的办法就是重建 Lazarevsky 桥。 The scale of the new bridge depends on existing traffic levels, and considered the regions future. It is predicted that by 2025, the annual average day Lazarevsky bridge traffic flow will rise to 16,000 train journeys. Traffic peak occurs in sports v
11、enues holding a major competition, this bridge in one hour must be able to relieve the this location traffic. The traffic flow including 4,500 to 5,000 car, so even Petrovsky bridge can rebuild, Lazarevsky bridge also need to four lanes to dredge bidirectional effect. 新桥的规模取决于现有交通水平，并且考虑到了该地区未来的发展。据
12、预测，到 2025年， Lazarevsky 桥的全年平均日交通量将上升至 16000 车次。车流高峰发生 在体育场馆举行重大赛事时，此时该桥须能在一小时内纾缓这个地段的交通。这股交通流包括 4,500至 5,000 辆车，所以即使 Petrovsky 桥能够重建， Lazarevsky 桥也需要双向四车道来达到疏通效果。 Considering the wooden bridge have been used for 55 years, if in limiting the superstructure width and strengthen the basis of existing s
13、uperstructure reconstruction, perhaps cannot guarantee bridge life, and can lead to higher operating costs. Another question is, has a huge across the bridge of ashdod dike with the appearance of modern architecture and neighboring not combines 30.5 style. 考虑到这座木质桥已经使用了 55 年 以上，如果在限制上层建筑宽度和加强现有上 3 层
14、建筑的基础上重建，也许不能保证桥梁的寿命，而且会导致产生较高的运营成本。另外一个值得考虑的问题是，一个拥有庞大突堤的多跨桥的外观不会与现代建筑和邻近堤岸的风格相融合。 Therefore, people decide completely demolished the existing Bridges, again in the original position to build a new bridge. As part of the project, the right part of the Sportivnaya streets, and also improve must be w
15、idened neighboring areas. 因此，人们决定彻底拆除现存的桥梁，再在原来的位置上建造一座新的桥梁。作为项目的一部分，右岸 Sportivnaya街道的一部分必须加宽，并且还要改善邻近的地区。 The projects history can be traced back to 1998, that is, it just bid at JSC institute to put forward a set of method of Lazarevsky bridge reconstruction. 这个项目的历史可以追溯到 1998 年，那是 JSC 研究所刚刚中标，它提出
16、了一套对Lazarevsky 桥进行重建的方法。 Even at this time, the architect igor x column cloth even nico a Cardiff had raised about Bridges original building concept, including using cable-stayed bridge system. This concept has been ratified by the municipal government, but because the financial problems, this desig
17、n in restored for seven years before had been suspended. 即使在这个时候，建筑师伊戈尔谢列布连尼科夫曾经提出过一种关于桥梁原创性的建筑观念，其中就包括使用斜拉桥 系统。这个概念曾经被市政府批准，但是由于财政问题，这个设计在重新恢复之前曾经被暂停了七年。 In 2003, the project has been listed in the target engineering and design work, development and design bidding announced formally. This work agai
18、n awarded JSC institute. Reconstruction program in completion by the end of 2007 and is national review committee actively receiving； The construction work will begin in the end of that year. 2003 年，该项目被列入目标工程和方案设计工作，开发设计招标正式公布。这项工作又一次被授予了 JSC 研究所。重建计划在 2007 年底完成并且被国家审查委员会积极地接收；建设工作就在当年年底开始。 The tec
19、hnical feasibility and economic applicability, on the basis of comparison of bridge structure concept won approval. A main limit the upper structure height bridge is strict limits. On the one hand, in order to navigation, Bridges must maintain certain bridge headroom, on the other hand, LaZaLieFu deck height was admiral limits, to the protection of cultural relics, bridge deck height cant improve. 在进行技术可行性和经济适用性比较的基础上，大桥的结构概念获得了认可。一个主要的限制是桥梁上部结构高度的严格限制。一方面，为了通航，桥梁必须保持一定的桥下净空，另一方面，桥面高度又被拉扎列夫海军上将限制，为了保护文物 ，桥面高
