1、 第 1 页共 12 页 附 录 1 英文原文 Mould Design and Manufacturing CAD and CAM are widely applied in mould design and mould making.CAD allows you to draw a model on screen ,then view it from every angle using 3-D animating and ,finally ,to test it by introducing various parameters into the digital simulation mo
2、dels (pressure ,temperature ,impact ,etc .) CAM ,on the other hand ,allows you to control the manufacturing quality .The advantages of these computer technologies are legion ；shorter design times (modifications can be made at the speed of the computer ).lower cost ,faster manufacturing ,etc .This ne
3、w approach also allows shorter production runs ,and to make last-minute changes to the mould for a particular part.Finally ,also ,these new processes can be use to make complex parts . Computer-Aided Design (CAD) of Mould Traditionally, the creation of drawings of mould tools has been a time-consumi
4、ng task that is not part of the creative process. Drawings are an organizational necessity rather than a desired part of the process . Computer-Aided Design (CAD) means using the computer and peripheral devices to simplify and enhance the design process .CAD systems offer an efficient means of desig
5、n ,and can be use to create inspection equipment .CAD data also can play a critical role in selecting process sequence . A CAD system consists of three basic components ；hardware ,software, User ,The hardware components of a typical CAD system include a processor ,a system display,a keyboard, a digi
6、tizer, and a plotter. The software component of a CAD system consists of the programs which allow it to perform design and drafting functions.The user is the tool designer who uses the hardware and software to perform the design process. Based on he 3-D data of the product, the core and cavity have
7、to be designed 第 2 页共 12 页 first.Ussrally the designer begins with a preliminary part design ,which means the work around the core and cavity could change .Modern CAD systems can support this with calculating a spot line for a defined draft direction ,splitting the part in the core and cavity side a
8、nd generating the run-off or shut-off true faces .After the calculation of the optimal draft of the part, the position and direction of the cavity, slides and inserts have to be defined .Then,in the conceptual stage, the positions and the geometry of the mould such as slides, ejection system, etc. a
9、re roughly defined. With this information, the size and thickness of the plates can be defined and the corresponding standard mould that comes nearest to the requirements is chosen and changed accordingly by adjusting the constraints and paramenter so that any number of plates with any size can be u
10、se in the mould. Detailing the functional components and adding the standard any size can be used in the mould. Detailing the functional compontnts and adding the standard components complete the mould.This all happens in 3D .Moreover ,the mould system provide functions for the checking, modifying a
11、nd detailing of the part .Already in this early stage ,drawings and bill of materials can be created automatically. Through the use of 3D and the intelligence of the mould system, typical 2D mistakes such as a collision between cooling and components/cavities or the wrong position of a hole can be e
12、liminated at the beginning. At any stage a bill of materials and drawings can be created-allowing the material to be ordered on time and always having an actual document to discuss with the customer or a bid for a mould base manufacturer . The use of a special 3D mould design system can shorten deve
13、lopment cycles, improve mould quality ,enhance teamwork and free the designer from tedious routine work .The development cycles can be shortened only when organization and personnel measures are taken. The part design, mould design, electric design and mould manufacturing departments have to consist
14、ently work together in a tight relationship . Computer-Aided Manufacturing (CAM ) of Mould One way to reduce the cost of manufacturing and reduce lead-time is by setting 第 3 页共 12 页 up a manufacturing system that uses equipment and personnel to their fullest potential .the foundation for this type o
15、f manufacturing system as the use of CAD data to help in madding key process decisions that ultimately improve machining precision and reduce non-productive time .This is called as computer-aided manufacturing (CAM).The objective of CAM is to produce, if possible ,sections of a mould without interme
16、diate steps by initiating machining operations from the computer workstation . With a good CAM system, automation does not just occur within individual features. Atuomation of machining processes also occurs between all of the features make up a part, resulting in tool-path optimization. As you crea
17、te features, the CAM system constructs a process plan for you .Operations are ordered based on a system analysis to reduce tool changes and the number of tools used . On the CAM sidethe trend is toward newer technologies and processes such as micro milling to support the manufacturing of high-precis
18、ion injection moulds with complex 3D structures and high surface qualities. CAM software will continue to add to the depth and breadth of the machining intelligence inherent in the software until the CNC programming process becomes completely automatic. This is especially true for advanced multifunc
19、tion machine tools becomes completely automatic This is especially true for advanced multifunction machine tools that require a more flexible combination of machining operations .CAM software will continue to automate more and more of manufacturing redundant work that can be handled faster and more
20、accratrly by computers, while retaining the control that machinists need. With the emphasis in the mould making industry today on producing moulds in the most efficient manner while still maintaining quality, mold makers need to keep up with the latest software technologies-packages that will allow
21、them to program and cut complex moulds quickly so that mould production time can be reduced .In a nutshell, the industry is moving toward improving the quality of data exchange between CAD and CAM as well as CAM to the CNC ,and CAM software is becoming more “intelligent” as it relates to machining processes-resulting in reduction in both cycle time and overall machining time .Five-axis machining also is emerging as a “must-have” on the shop floor-especially when dealing with deep
